Swanson Jeffrey W, Sampson Nancy A, Petukhova Maria V, Zaslavsky Alan M, Appelbaum Paul S, Swartz Marvin S, Kessler Ronald C
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC.
Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Behav Sci Law. 2015 Jun;33(2-3):199-212. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2172. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
Analyses from the National Comorbidity Study Replication provide the first nationally representative estimates of the co-occurrence of impulsive angry behavior and possessing or carrying a gun among adults with and without certain mental disorders and demographic characteristics. The study found that a large number of individuals in the United States self-report patterns of impulsive angry behavior and also possess firearms at home (8.9%) or carry guns outside the home (1.5%). These data document associations of numerous common mental disorders and combinations of angry behavior with gun access. Because only a small proportion of persons with this risky combination have ever been involuntarily hospitalized for a mental health problem, most will not be subject to existing mental health-related legal restrictions on firearms resulting from a history of involuntary commitment. Excluding a large proportion of the general population from gun possession is also not likely to be feasible. Behavioral risk-based approaches to firearms restriction, such as expanding the definition of gun-prohibited persons to include those with violent misdemeanor convictions and multiple DUI convictions, could be a more effective public health policy to prevent gun violence in the population.
来自全国共病研究重复调查的分析提供了首批具有全国代表性的估计数据，涉及有或没有某些精神障碍及人口统计学特征的成年人中冲动愤怒行为与持有或携带枪支的共现情况。该研究发现，美国大量个体自我报告有冲动愤怒行为模式，且在家中持有枪支（8.9%）或在户外携带枪支（1.5%）。这些数据记录了众多常见精神障碍以及愤怒行为组合与获取枪支之间的关联。由于只有一小部分有这种风险组合的人曾因心理健康问题被非自愿住院治疗，大多数人不会受到因非自愿住院史而产生的现有与心理健康相关的枪支法律限制。将大部分普通人群排除在枪支持有之外也不太可行。基于行为风险的枪支限制方法，比如扩大被禁止持枪者的定义，将有暴力轻罪定罪和多次酒驾定罪的人包括在内，可能是一项更有效的公共卫生政策，以预防人群中的枪支暴力。
