Hyniewska Sylwia, Sato Wataru
The Hakubi Project, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University Inuyama, Japan.
Front Psychol. 2015 Mar 17;6:291. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00291. eCollection 2015.
The ability to judge others' emotions is required for the establishment and maintenance of smooth interactions in a community. Several lines of evidence suggest that the attribution of meaning to a face is influenced by the facial actions produced by an observer during the observation of a face. However, empirical studies testing causal relationships between observers' facial actions and emotion judgments have reported mixed findings. This issue was investigated by measuring emotion judgments in terms of valence and arousal dimensions while comparing dynamic vs. static presentations of facial expressions. We presented pictures and videos of facial expressions of anger and happiness. Participants (N = 36) were asked to differentiate between the gender of faces by activating the corrugator supercilii muscle (brow lowering) and zygomaticus major muscle (cheek raising). They were also asked to evaluate the internal states of the stimuli using the affect grid while maintaining the facial action until they finished responding. The cheek raising condition increased the attributed valence scores compared with the brow-lowering condition. This effect of facial actions was observed for static as well as for dynamic facial expressions. These data suggest that facial feedback mechanisms contribute to the judgment of the valence of emotional facial expressions.
在社区中建立和维持顺畅的互动需要判断他人情绪的能力。有几条证据表明，在观察面部时，观察者产生的面部动作会影响对面部意义的归因。然而，测试观察者面部动作与情绪判断之间因果关系的实证研究结果不一。通过在比较面部表情的动态呈现与静态呈现时，从效价和唤醒维度测量情绪判断来研究这个问题。我们展示了愤怒和快乐面部表情的图片和视频。参与者（N = 36）被要求通过激活皱眉肌（皱眉）和颧大肌（抬脸颊）来区分面部的性别。他们还被要求在保持面部动作直到完成反应的同时，使用情感网格评估刺激的内部状态。与皱眉条件相比，抬脸颊条件增加了归因的效价值。面部动作的这种效应在静态和动态面部表情中均被观察到。这些数据表明，面部反馈机制有助于对情绪化面部表情的效价进行判断。
