Phan Nhu T N, Fletcher John S, Ewing Andrew G
†Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
‡National Center Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Kemivägen 10, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Anal Chem. 2015 Apr 21;87(8):4063-71. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00555. Epub 2015 Apr 13.
We use time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) imaging to investigate the effects of orally administrated methylphenidate on lipids in the brain of Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly), a major invertebrate model system in biological study and neuroscience. TOF-SIMS imaging was carried out using a recently designed high energy 40 keV Ar4000(+) gas cluster ion gun which demonstrated improved sensitivity for intact lipids in the fly brain compared to the 40 keV C60(+) primary ion gun. In addition, correlation of TOF-SIMS and SEM imaging on the same fly brain showed that there is specific localization that is related to biological functions of various biomolecules. Different lipids distribute in different parts of the brain, central brain, optical lobes, and proboscis, depending on the length of the carbon chain and saturation level of fatty acid (FA) branches. Furthermore, data analysis using image principal components analysis (PCA) showed that methylphenidate dramatically affected both the distribution and abundance of lipids and their derivatives, particularly fatty acids, diacylglycerides, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol in the fly brains. Our approach using TOF-SIMS imaging successfully visualizes the effects of methylphenidate on the chemical structure of the fly brain.
我们使用飞行时间二次离子质谱成像（TOF-SIMS）来研究口服哌醋甲酯对黑腹果蝇（果蝇）大脑中脂质的影响，果蝇是生物学研究和神经科学中的主要无脊椎动物模型系统。TOF-SIMS成像使用最近设计的高能40 keV Ar4000(+)气体团簇离子枪进行，与40 keV C60(+)一次离子枪相比，该离子枪对果蝇大脑中的完整脂质具有更高的灵敏度。此外，对同一果蝇大脑进行的TOF-SIMS和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）成像的相关性表明，存在与各种生物分子的生物学功能相关的特定定位。不同的脂质根据脂肪酸（FA）分支的碳链长度和饱和度水平分布在大脑的不同部位，即中枢脑、视叶和喙部。此外，使用图像主成分分析（PCA）进行的数据分析表明，哌醋甲酯显著影响果蝇大脑中脂质及其衍生物的分布和丰度，特别是脂肪酸、二酰甘油、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰乙醇胺和磷脂酰肌醇。我们使用TOF-SIMS成像的方法成功地可视化了哌醋甲酯对果蝇大脑化学结构的影响。
