行为哺乳动物的细胞水平脑成像：一种工程学方法。
Cellular level brain imaging in behaving mammals: an engineering approach.
作者信息
Hamel Elizabeth J O, Grewe Benjamin F, Parker Jones G, Schnitzer Mark J
机构信息
CNC Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
CNC Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Pfizer Neuroscience Research Unit, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
出版信息
Neuron. 2015 Apr 8;86(1):140-59. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.03.055.
Fluorescence imaging offers expanding capabilities for recording neural dynamics in behaving mammals, including the means to monitor hundreds of cells targeted by genetic type or connectivity, track cells over weeks, densely sample neurons within local microcircuits, study cells too inactive to isolate in extracellular electrical recordings, and visualize activity in dendrites, axons, or dendritic spines. We discuss recent progress and future directions for imaging in behaving mammals from a systems engineering perspective, which seeks holistic consideration of fluorescent indicators, optical instrumentation, and computational analyses. Today, genetically encoded indicators of neural Ca(2+) dynamics are widely used, and those of trans-membrane voltage are rapidly improving. Two complementary imaging paradigms involve conventional microscopes for studying head-restrained animals and head-mounted miniature microscopes for imaging in freely behaving animals. Overall, the field has attained sufficient sophistication that increased cooperation between those designing new indicators, light sources, microscopes, and computational analyses would greatly benefit future progress.
荧光成像为记录行为中的哺乳动物的神经动力学提供了不断扩展的能力，包括监测数百个按基因类型或连接性靶向的细胞、在数周内追踪细胞、密集采样局部微回路中的神经元、研究在细胞外电记录中因过于不活跃而难以分离的细胞，以及可视化树突、轴突或树突棘中的活动。我们从系统工程的角度讨论行为中哺乳动物成像的最新进展和未来方向，该角度寻求对荧光指示剂、光学仪器和计算分析进行全面考虑。如今，神经Ca(2+)动力学的基因编码指示剂被广泛使用，跨膜电压指示剂也在迅速改进。两种互补的成像范式涉及用于研究头部固定动物的传统显微镜和用于自由行为动物成像的头戴式微型显微镜。总体而言，该领域已经足够成熟，以至于设计新指示剂、光源、显微镜和计算分析的人员之间加强合作将极大地促进未来的进展。
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