Hagan Thomas, Nakaya Helder I, Subramaniam Shankar, Pulendran Bali
Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Vaccine. 2015 Sep 29;33(40):5294-301. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.03.072. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
Vaccines have drastically reduced the mortality and morbidity of many diseases. However, vaccines have historically been developed empirically, and recent development of vaccines against current pandemics such as HIV and malaria has been met with difficulty. The advent of high-throughput technologies, coupled with systems biological methods of data analysis, has enabled researchers to interrogate the entire complement of a variety of molecular components within cells, and characterize the myriad interactions among them in order to model and understand the behavior of the system as a whole. In the context of vaccinology, these tools permit exploration of the molecular mechanisms by which vaccines induce protective immune responses. Here we review the recent advances, challenges, and potential of systems biological approaches in vaccinology. If the challenges facing this developing field can be overcome, systems vaccinology promises to empower the identification of early predictive signatures of vaccine response, as well as novel and robust correlates of protection from infection. Such discoveries, along with the improved understanding of immune responses to vaccination they impart, will play an instrumental role in development of the next generation of rationally designed vaccines.
疫苗已大幅降低了许多疾病的死亡率和发病率。然而，疫苗在历史上一直是凭经验研发的，并且针对当前如艾滋病毒和疟疾等大流行疾病的疫苗研发近来遇到了困难。高通量技术的出现，再加上系统生物学数据分析方法，使研究人员能够研究细胞内各种分子成分的完整组合，并表征它们之间无数的相互作用，以便对整个系统的行为进行建模和理解。在疫苗学领域，这些工具能够探索疫苗诱导保护性免疫反应的分子机制。在此，我们综述了系统生物学方法在疫苗学方面的最新进展、挑战及潜力。如果能够克服这个发展中领域所面临的挑战，系统疫苗学有望助力识别疫苗反应的早期预测特征，以及预防感染的新的可靠相关因素。这些发现，连同它们所带来的对疫苗接种免疫反应的更好理解，将在下一代合理设计疫苗的研发中发挥重要作用。
