Nagel Daniel A, Penner Jamie L
University of Ottawa
McGill University.
J Holist Nurs. 2016 Mar;34(1):91-104. doi: 10.1177/0898010115580236. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
Increasingly nurses use various telehealth technologies to deliver health care services; however, there has been a lag in research and generation of empirical knowledge to support nursing practice in this expanding field. One challenge to generating knowledge is a gap in development of a comprehensive conceptual model or theoretical framework to illustrate relationships of concepts and phenomena inherent to adoption of a broad range of telehealth technologies to holistic nursing practice. A review of the literature revealed eight published conceptual models, theoretical frameworks, or similar entities applicable to nursing practice. Many of these models focus exclusively on use of telephones and four were generated from qualitative studies, but none comprehensively reflect complexities of bridging nursing process and elements of nursing practice into use of telehealth. The purpose of this article is to present a review of existing conceptual models and frameworks, discuss predominant themes and features of these models, and present a comprehensive conceptual model for telehealth nursing practice synthesized from this literature for consideration and further development. This conceptual model illustrates characteristics of, and relationships between, dimensions of telehealth practice to guide research and knowledge development in provision of holistic person-centered care delivery to individuals by nurses through telehealth technologies.
护士越来越多地使用各种远程医疗技术来提供医疗保健服务；然而，在这个不断扩展的领域中，支持护理实践的研究和实证知识的产生却滞后了。产生知识的一个挑战是，缺乏一个全面的概念模型或理论框架来阐明广泛的远程医疗技术应用与整体护理实践中固有概念和现象之间的关系。对文献的回顾揭示了八个已发表的适用于护理实践的概念模型、理论框架或类似实体。这些模型中的许多仅专注于电话的使用，并且有四个是从定性研究中产生的，但没有一个全面反映将护理过程和护理实践要素与远程医疗应用相联系的复杂性。本文的目的是对现有的概念模型和框架进行综述，讨论这些模型的主要主题和特征，并提出一个综合的远程医疗护理实践概念模型，该模型是从这些文献中综合而来，以供考虑和进一步发展。这个概念模型阐述了远程医疗实践各维度的特征及其之间的关系，以指导护士通过远程医疗技术为个体提供以患者为中心的整体护理服务过程中的研究和知识发展。
