Le Bourg Éric
Université Paul-Sabatier, Centre de Recherche sur la Cognition Animale, UMR CNRS 5169, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France,
Biogerontology. 2015 Aug;16(4):517-27. doi: 10.1007/s10522-015-9574-z. Epub 2015 Apr 12.
Mild stresses can have various positive effects in animal models and human beings. Previous studies have shown that fasting, i.e. a short starvation period with water ad lib, increases resistance to a severe cold stress in flies (percentage of survivors 3 days after being kept at 0 °C). Only a few studies have combined two mild stresses with hormetic effects in an attempt to obtain additive effects. Fasting was combined in the same flies with either a hypergravity, cold or heat stress and resistance to cold was observed. When each mild stress had positive effects on this trait (fasting, cold, and hypergravity in males only), their combination had additive effects. However, when one of the mild stresses had no positive effect or even a negative effect (heat), combining it with fasting did not increase the positive effect of fasting or even decreased it.
轻度应激在动物模型和人类中可产生多种积极影响。先前的研究表明，禁食，即短期饥饿并随意饮水，可增强果蝇对严重寒冷应激的抵抗力（在0°C环境中放置3天后的存活率）。仅有少数研究将两种具有 hormetic 效应的轻度应激相结合，试图获得累加效应。在同一批果蝇中，将禁食与超重力、寒冷或热应激相结合，并观察其对寒冷的抵抗力。当每种轻度应激对该性状都有积极影响时（仅雄性果蝇中的禁食、寒冷和超重力），它们的组合具有累加效应。然而，当其中一种轻度应激没有积极影响甚至有负面影响时（热应激），将其与禁食相结合并不会增强禁食的积极效应，甚至会使其降低。
