Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, UMR CNRS 5169 Université Paul-Sabatier, 31062, Toulouse 9, France,
Biogerontology. 2013 Oct;14(5):513-29. doi: 10.1007/s10522-013-9458-z. Epub 2013 Aug 30.
Flies were starved with water before being subjected to various severe stresses (heat, cold, fungal infection, hydrogen peroxide) immediately after starvation or after a delay. Starvation of young and middle-aged flies increased resistance to a long cold stress (0 °C for up to 48 h), mainly if there was a 2-6 h delay between starvation and the cold stress, but positive effects in old flies were hardly observed. No positive effect was observed on resistance to the other stresses and starvation rather decreased resistance to them. It thus seems that fasting increases frailty but also puts at play mechanisms increasing resistance to cold. Starvation also increased learning scores but this could be linked to decreased positive phototaxis tendencies, and not to a better learning ability. Starvation appears to be a mild stress with limited hormetic effects, but studying the mechanisms of these effects is of interest because fasting is maybe of therapeutic value in human beings.
果蝇在受到各种严重应激（热、冷、真菌感染、过氧化氢）之前先禁食水，这些应激是在饥饿后立即或延迟后施加的。年轻和中年果蝇的饥饿增加了对长期冷应激（0°C 长达 48 小时）的抵抗力，主要是如果饥饿和冷应激之间有 2-6 小时的延迟，但在老年果蝇中几乎观察不到积极的效果。饥饿对其他应激的抵抗力没有积极影响，反而降低了对它们的抵抗力。因此，禁食似乎会增加脆弱性，但也会激活增加对寒冷抵抗力的机制。饥饿还会提高学习成绩，但这可能与光趋性降低有关，而不是学习能力的提高。饥饿似乎是一种轻度应激，具有有限的健康促进作用，但研究这些作用的机制很有意义，因为禁食在人类中可能具有治疗价值。
