Learmonth Amy E, Cuevas Kimberly, Rovee-Collier Carolyn
Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ.
Dev Psychobiol. 2015 May;57(4):497-505. doi: 10.1002/dev.21298. Epub 2015 Apr 11.
Reactivation is an automatic, perceptual process in which exposure to components of a forgotten event alleviates forgetting. Most research on infant memory reactivation has used conditioning paradigms. We used the puppet imitation task to systematically examine which stimuli could retrieve 6-month-olds' forgotten memory of the modeled actions. Infants watched an adult model a sequence of actions on a puppet, imitated the actions, and were exposed to reactivation cues 24 hr before a 7-day (Experiment 1) or 14-day (Experiment 2) retention test. Exposure to any component of the original event reactivated the memory during the 7-day test, but two of the same components failed to alleviate forgetting during the 14-day test. Increasing the number of retrieval cues facilitated 14-day test performance. These findings reveal that the principles of reactivation are the same for conditioning and imitation paradigms: The necessary and sufficient conditions for memory reactivation are directly related to memory accessibility.
再激活是一种自动的感知过程，在这个过程中，接触被遗忘事件的组成部分会减轻遗忘。大多数关于婴儿记忆再激活的研究都使用了条件作用范式。我们使用木偶模仿任务来系统地研究哪些刺激可以唤起6个月大婴儿对示范动作的遗忘记忆。婴儿观看成人对木偶进行一系列动作示范，模仿这些动作，并在7天（实验1）或14天（实验2）的记忆测试前24小时接触再激活线索。在7天的测试中，接触原始事件的任何组成部分都会重新激活记忆，但在14天的测试中，相同的两个组成部分未能减轻遗忘。增加检索线索的数量有助于提高14天测试的表现。这些发现表明，再激活的原理在条件作用和模仿范式中是相同的：记忆再激活的必要和充分条件与记忆的可及性直接相关。
