van der Merwe Amelia, Dawes Andrew
J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2007 Oct;19(2):95-113. doi: 10.2989/17280580709486645.
This paper presents a review of theoretical and empirical research on risk factors for: 1) the development of violent and other antisocial behaviour; 2) international interventions targeting antisocial, including violent youths; and 3) outcome evaluations and meta-analyses of interventions targeting antisocial, including violent youths. Taken together, the international literature indicates that interventions which effectively reduce violent and other antisocial behaviours are informed by a number of generic principles which should guide the development and implementation of South African violence-prevention programmes. Common characteristics of interventions which effectively reduce youth violence are presented, with the aim of informing the design and delivery of local interventions. In light of the alarmingly high levels of violence in South Africa, there is an urgent need to develop intensive, multi-modal, evidence-based, structured, cognitive-behavioural programmes for violent adolescents and young adults. Furthermore, it is imperative that efforts are directed at developing a reliable local evidence base of 'what works' for young offenders generally, and violent young offenders specifically.
1）暴力及其他反社会行为的发展；2）针对包括暴力青年在内的反社会行为的国际干预措施；3）针对包括暴力青年在内的反社会行为的干预措施的结果评估和荟萃分析。综合来看，国际文献表明，有效减少暴力及其他反社会行为的干预措施遵循一些通用原则，这些原则应指导南非预防暴力项目的制定和实施。本文介绍了有效减少青少年暴力的干预措施的共同特征，旨在为当地干预措施的设计和实施提供参考。鉴于南非暴力事件的惊人高发率，迫切需要为暴力青少年和青年成年人制定密集、多模式、基于证据、结构化的认知行为项目。此外，必须致力于为一般年轻罪犯，特别是暴力年轻罪犯建立一个可靠的当地“有效措施”证据库。
