Ndetei David M, Ongecha-Owuor Francisa A, Khasakhala Lincoln, Mutiso Victoria, Odhiambo Gideon, Kokonya Donald A
J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2007 Oct;19(2):147-55. doi: 10.2989/17280580709486650.
There is no information on the socio-demographic variations and determinants of Trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Kenyan adolescents.
To describe the traumatic experiences of Kenyan high school students and to determine the levels of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among them, and in relation to sociodemographic variables.
A cross-sectional study of 1 110 students (629 males and 481 females), aged 12 to 26 years, using self-administered questionnaires.
The students completed questionnaires on sociodemographic data followed by the Trauma Checklist and the Child PTSD Checklist.
Being confronted with bad news was the most common type of trauma encountered in 66.7% of the subjects, followed by witnessing a violent crime and domestic violence; 23.2% and 16.5% of the subjects reported physical abuse and sexual abuse respectively. PTSD symptoms were common; avoidance and re-experiencing occurred in 75% of the students and hyperarousal was reported by over 50%. The number of traumatic events was positively correlated with the occurrence of PTSD. The prevalence of full PTSD was 50.5%, while partial PTSD was 34.8%. Male and female subjects were equally affected but the boarders were more affected (p < 0.05) and the differences between the schools were statistically significant (p = 0.000).
Kenyan secondary school students commonly experience traumatic events and have high rates of PTSD. Further studies are needed to determine the implications of these findings for their health and performance in school. The coping mechanisms need to be delineated and interventions put in place. Long-term studies are required to determine the role of such events in the causation of mental illness.
关于肯尼亚青少年创伤及创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的社会人口统计学差异和决定因素尚无相关信息。
描述肯尼亚高中生的创伤经历，确定他们中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的水平，并探讨其与社会人口统计学变量的关系。
一项横断面研究，对1110名年龄在12至26岁之间的学生（629名男性和481名女性）使用自填式问卷进行调查。
学生们先完成关于社会人口统计学数据的问卷，随后填写创伤检查表和儿童PTSD检查表。
66.7%的受试者遭遇的最常见创伤类型是面对坏消息，其次是目睹暴力犯罪和家庭暴力；分别有23.2%和16.5%的受试者报告遭受身体虐待和性虐待。PTSD症状很常见；75%的学生出现回避和反复体验症状，超过50%的学生报告有过度警觉症状。创伤事件的数量与PTSD的发生呈正相关。完全PTSD的患病率为50.5%，部分PTSD为34.8%。男性和女性受试者受影响程度相同，但寄宿生受影响更大（p<0.05），学校之间的差异具有统计学意义（p = 0.000）。
肯尼亚中学生普遍经历创伤事件，PTSD发生率很高。需要进一步研究以确定这些发现对他们健康和学业表现的影响。需要明确应对机制并实施干预措施。需要进行长期研究以确定此类事件在精神疾病病因中的作用。
