McMaster Marianne E, Lee Amanda Jane, Burwell R Geoffrey
Scottish National Paediatric, Spine Deformity Centre, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, EH9 1LF UK.
Medical Statistics Unit, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK.
Scoliosis. 2015 Feb 18;10:6. doi: 10.1186/s13013-015-0029-8. eCollection 2015.
To our knowledge there are no publications that have evaluated physical activities in relation to the etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) other than sports scolioses. In a preliminary longitudinal case-control study, mother and child were questioned and the children examined by one observer. The aim of the study was to examine possible risk factors for AIS. Two study groups were assessed for physical activities: 79 children diagnosed as having progressive AIS at one spinal deformity centre (66 girls, 13 boys) and a Control Group of 77 school children (66 girls, 11 boys), the selection involving six criteria. A structured history of physical activities was obtained, every child allocated to a socioeconomic group and examined for toe touching. Unlike the Patients, the Controls were not X-rayed and were examined for surface vertical spinous process asymmetry (VSPA). Statistical analyses showed progressive AIS to be positively associated with social deprivation, early introduction to indoor heated swimming pools and ability to toe touch. AIS is negatively associated with participation in dance, skating, gymnastics or karate and football or hockey classes, which might suggest preventive possibilities. There is a significantly increased independent odds of AIS in children who went to an indoor heated swimming pool within the first year of life (odds ratio 3.88, 95% CI 1.77-8.48; p = 0·001). Furthermore fourteen (61%) Controls with VSPA compared with 9 (17%) Controls without VSPA had been introduced to the swimming pool within their first year of life (P < 0.001). Early exposure to indoor heated swimming pools for both AIS and VSPA, suggests that the AIS findings do not result from sample selection.
据我们所知，除了运动性脊柱侧弯外，尚无关于身体活动与青少年特发性脊柱侧弯（AIS）病因发病机制关系的出版物。在一项初步的纵向病例对照研究中，对母亲和孩子进行了询问，并由一名观察者对孩子进行检查。该研究的目的是检查AIS可能的危险因素。对两个研究组的身体活动进行了评估：一个脊柱畸形中心诊断为患有进行性AIS的79名儿童（66名女孩，13名男孩）和一个由77名学童组成的对照组（66名女孩，11名男孩），选择涉及六个标准。获得了身体活动的结构化病史，每个孩子被分配到一个社会经济群体，并检查了能否碰到脚趾。与患者不同，对照组没有进行X光检查，而是检查了表面垂直棘突不对称（VSPA）。统计分析表明，进行性AIS与社会剥夺、早期进入室内温水游泳池和碰到脚趾的能力呈正相关。AIS与参加舞蹈、滑冰、体操或空手道以及足球或曲棍球课程呈负相关，这可能提示有预防的可能性。在生命的第一年内去过室内温水游泳池的儿童患AIS的独立几率显著增加（优势比3.88，95%可信区间1.77 - 8.48；p = 0·001）。此外，有VSPA的14名（61%）对照组儿童与没有VSPA的9名（17%）对照组儿童相比，在生命的第一年内就被带去游泳池（P < 0.001）。AIS和VSPA都早期接触室内温水游泳池，表明AIS的研究结果并非由样本选择导致。
