Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway.
Department of Transplant Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway ; Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø, Norway.
Immun Inflamm Dis. 2015 Mar;3(1):23-31. doi: 10.1002/iid3.47. Epub 2015 Feb 11.
Monocytes play multiple roles in the immune system, and are active in both acute and chronic diseases. Patients exposed to bacterial infections depend on monocytes in defense reactions, but excessive immune reactions may also cause morbidity through systemic inflammatory responses. Few studies have addressed the importance of proteoglycans, and in particular, the hematopoietic serglycin, in such monocyte immune reactions. Adherent primary monocytes were cultured in absence and presence of LPS. Media were analyzed by ELISA for detection of serglycin. Lysed cell fractions were used to determine the mRNA level of serglycin. Monocytes were also cultured on chamber slides to investigate if serglycin could be detected intracellularly by immunocytochemistry. Monocytes secreted serglycin, and LPS-stimulation increased the secretion. Secretion of inflammatory cytokines increased to a larger extent than serglycin. mRNA levels of serglycin were also increased, suggesting both increased expression and secretion. Immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of serglycin in intracellular vesicles, many destined for secretion. Serglycin containing vesicles increased in number and size when the cells were exposed to LPS. Intracellular vesicle localization and secretion of the proteoglycan serglycin is shown for the first time in primary human monocytes. Monocyte activation by LPS increased the expression and secretion of serglycin, suggesting roles for serglycin in inflammatory processes.
单核细胞在免疫系统中发挥多种作用，在急性和慢性疾病中都很活跃。暴露于细菌感染的患者依赖单核细胞进行防御反应，但过度的免疫反应也可能通过全身炎症反应引起发病。很少有研究探讨蛋白聚糖的重要性，特别是造血细胞衍生的硫酸乙酰肝素（singlycin）在这种单核细胞免疫反应中的作用。将贴壁原代单核细胞在有无 LPS 的情况下进行培养。通过 ELISA 分析培养基以检测 singlycin。裂解的细胞部分用于确定 singlycin 的 mRNA 水平。还将单核细胞培养在腔室载玻片上，以研究免疫细胞化学是否可以检测到细胞内的 singlycin。单核细胞分泌 singlycin，LPS 刺激增加了分泌。炎性细胞因子的分泌增加的幅度大于 singlycin。singlycin 的 mRNA 水平也增加，表明表达和分泌都增加。免疫细胞化学显示 singlycin 存在于细胞内囊泡中，许多囊泡注定要分泌。当细胞暴露于 LPS 时，含有 singlycin 的囊泡数量和大小增加。首次在原代人单核细胞中显示了蛋白聚糖 singlycin 的细胞内囊泡定位和分泌。LPS 激活单核细胞增加了 singlycin 的表达和分泌，表明 singlycin 在炎症过程中发挥作用。
