Hoggard Lori S, Byrd Christy M, Sellers Robert M
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Department of Psychology.
J Couns Psychol. 2015 Apr;62(2):216-25. doi: 10.1037/cou0000069.
Scholars agree on the negative impacts of racial discrimination on the mental health of African Americans (Brondolo et al., 2008). Yet research is needed to explore the impacts of everyday discrimination over time, especially compared to nonracial daily hassles, in an ecologically valid manner. It is also widely accepted that racial identity can moderate the impact of racial hassles (Sellers, Copeland-Linder, Martin, & Lewis 2006), but few studies have examined this moderating effect over time. The current study addresses gaps in the current literature by analyzing the relationship between reported racial and nonracial stressors over the course of four days. Participants were 225 college students at three institutions who participated in a 20-day daily diary study. Each day, participants reported whether they had experienced a stressful event and their depressive symptoms. We compared reports of depressive symptoms the day an event occurred and two days after for racial and nonracial stressors and examined whether racial identity served as a moderator. The results showed that individuals experienced similar increases for racial and nonracial stressors when events occur and similar decreases in the following two days. Additionally, symptom trajectories varied by racial identity. Implications for the understanding of racial discrimination's role in the well-being of African Americans are discussed.
学者们一致认为种族歧视对非裔美国人的心理健康有负面影响（布隆多洛等人，2008年）。然而，需要开展研究以生态有效的方式探究日常歧视随着时间推移所产生的影响，尤其是与非种族日常困扰相比。人们也普遍认为种族认同能够缓和种族困扰的影响（塞勒斯、科普兰 - 林德、马丁和刘易斯，2006年），但很少有研究考察这种缓和作用随时间的变化情况。本研究通过分析四天内报告的种族和非种族应激源之间的关系，填补了当前文献中的空白。参与者是来自三所院校的225名大学生，他们参与了一项为期20天的每日日记研究。每天，参与者报告他们是否经历了一个应激事件以及他们的抑郁症状。我们比较了事件发生当天和两天后种族和非种族应激源的抑郁症状报告，并考察了种族认同是否起到缓和作用。结果表明，事件发生时，个体在种族和非种族应激源方面经历了类似的增加，且在随后两天内经历了类似的减少。此外，症状轨迹因种族认同而异。文中讨论了该研究结果对于理解种族歧视在非裔美国人幸福感中所起作用的意义。
