Periodontol 2000. 2015 Jun;68(1):21-40. doi: 10.1111/prd.12076.
Fibroblasts are cells of mesenchymal origin. They are responsible for the production of most extracellular matrix in connective tissues and are essential for wound healing and repair. In recent years, it has become clear that fibroblasts from different tissues have various distinct traits. Moreover, wounds in the oral cavity heal under very special environmental conditions compared with skin wounds. Here, we reviewed the current literature on the various interconnected functions of gingival and mucoperiosteal fibroblasts during the repair of oral wounds. The MEDLINE database was searched with the following terms: (gingival OR mucoperiosteal) AND fibroblast AND (wound healing OR repair). The data gathered were used to compare oral fibroblasts with fibroblasts from other tissues in terms of their regulation and function during wound healing. Specifically, we sought answers to the following questions: (i) what is the role of oral fibroblasts in the inflammatory response in acute wounds; (ii) how do growth factors control the function of oral fibroblasts during wound healing; (iii) how do oral fibroblasts produce, remodel and interact with extracellular matrix in healing wounds; (iv) how do oral fibroblasts respond to mechanical stress; and (v) how does aging affect the fetal-like responses and functions of oral fibroblasts? The current state of research indicates that oral fibroblasts possess unique characteristics and tightly controlled specific functions in wound healing and repair. This information is essential for developing new strategies to control the intraoral wound-healing processes of the individual patient.
成纤维细胞是间充质来源的细胞。它们负责产生结缔组织中大多数细胞外基质，对于伤口愈合和修复至关重要。近年来，人们已经清楚地认识到，不同组织的成纤维细胞具有各种不同的特征。此外，与皮肤伤口相比，口腔内的伤口在非常特殊的环境条件下愈合。在这里，我们回顾了关于牙龈和黏骨膜成纤维细胞在口腔伤口修复过程中的各种相互关联的功能的现有文献。使用以下术语在 MEDLINE 数据库中进行搜索：（牙龈或黏骨膜）和成纤维细胞和（伤口愈合或修复）。收集的数据用于将口腔成纤维细胞与其他组织的成纤维细胞在伤口愈合过程中的调节和功能方面进行比较。具体来说，我们试图回答以下问题：（i）口腔成纤维细胞在急性伤口的炎症反应中的作用是什么；（ii）生长因子如何控制口腔成纤维细胞在伤口愈合过程中的功能；（iii）口腔成纤维细胞如何在愈合的伤口中产生、重塑和相互作用细胞外基质；（iv）口腔成纤维细胞如何响应机械应激；以及（v）衰老如何影响口腔成纤维细胞的胎儿样反应和功能？目前的研究状况表明，口腔成纤维细胞在伤口愈合和修复中具有独特的特征和受严格控制的特定功能。这些信息对于开发控制个体患者口腔内伤口愈合过程的新策略至关重要。
