van Dommelen Paula, Schönbeck Yvonne, HiraSing Remy A, van Buuren Stef
1 Department of Life Style, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
2 Department of Child Health, TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Eur J Public Health. 2015 Oct;25(5):828-33. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckv051. Epub 2015 Apr 12.
Monitoring overweight in risk groups is necessary. Our aim is to assess the trend in overweight and obesity in Turkish and Moroccan children in the Netherlands since 1997 and to monitor the levels of lifestyle-related behaviours in 2009.
We selected cross-sectional data of Turkish and Moroccan children aged 2-18 years from two national Growth Studies performed in 1997 and 2009 in the Netherlands. Lifestyle-related behaviours were obtained in the 2009 study by questionnaire.
In 2009, 31.9% of Turkish and 26.6% of Moroccan children had overweight, whereas this was, respectively, 26.7% and 19.6% in 1997. Already at 2 years, 21.1% in Turkish and 22.7% in Moroccan children had overweight in 2009. The prevalence of obesity was above 4% from 3 years onwards. High (i.e. ≥ 25%) prevalence rates of unhealthy lifestyle-related behaviours were found for not having breakfast (26-49%) among Turkish and Moroccan adolescent (i.e. 15-18 years) girls, consuming no fruit (29-45%) and watching TV/PC ≥ 2 h (35-72%) among all Turkish and Moroccan adolescents, no walking/cycling to school/day care among preschool children (2-4 years) (28-56%) and adolescents (34-94%), drinking ≥ 2 glasses of sweet beverages (44-74%) and being <1 h physically active (29-65%) among all children.
An upward trend of overweight and obesity occurred in Turkish and Moroccan children. Already at 2 years of age, one out of five Turkish and Moroccan children had overweight, which calls for early prevention with attention to specific lifestyle-related behaviours.
监测高危人群中的超重情况很有必要。我们的目的是评估自1997年以来荷兰土耳其和摩洛哥儿童超重和肥胖的趋势，并监测2009年与生活方式相关行为的水平。
我们从1997年和2009年在荷兰进行的两项全国性生长研究中选取了2至18岁土耳其和摩洛哥儿童的横断面数据。2009年的研究通过问卷调查获取了与生活方式相关的行为信息。
2009年，31.9%的土耳其儿童和26.6%的摩洛哥儿童超重，而1997年这一比例分别为26.7%和19.6%。2009年，2岁的土耳其儿童中有21.1%超重，摩洛哥儿童中有22.7%超重。从3岁起肥胖患病率就超过了4%。在土耳其和摩洛哥青少年（即15 - 18岁）女孩中，不吃早餐的不健康生活方式相关行为的高患病率（即≥25%）为26 - 49%；在所有土耳其和摩洛哥青少年中，不吃水果的患病率为29 - 45%，看电视/玩电脑≥2小时的患病率为35 - 72%；在学龄前儿童（2 - 4岁）和青少年中，不步行/骑自行车上学/去日托中心的患病率为28 - 56%和34 - 94%；在所有儿童中，喝≥2杯甜饮料的患病率为44 - 74%，身体活动不足1小时的患病率为29 - 65%。
土耳其和摩洛哥儿童超重和肥胖呈上升趋势。在2岁时，五分之一的土耳其和摩洛哥儿童就已超重，这需要尽早预防，并关注与生活方式相关的特定行为。
