State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2015 Jun 7;44(11):3568-87. doi: 10.1039/c4cs00390j.
In this critical review, we summarize recent results in the investigation of macrocyclic amphiphiles, amphiphiles based on macrocyclic frameworks. These interesting molecules have drawn a lot of attention over the past decades due to their unique superiority in self-assembly processes and other advantages. Compared with traditional linear amphiphiles, macrocyclic amphiphiles can be tailored to promote their self-assembly into various well-defined architectures by locating hydrophilic and hydrophobic chains on the respective sides. Since macrocyclic amphiphiles can be regarded as "surfactants" with host-guest recognition sites, they may be highly beneficial for applications where guest molecules must be stabilized, transported or protected in aqueous media. Considering the abundant research results on the host-guest chemistry of macrocycles, the use of macrocyclic amphiphiles in the fabrication of multidimensional and hierarchical self-assemblies may also provide interesting new topological structures. Moreover, the interactions of their self-assemblies can be mediated by molecular recognition, which may further our understanding of biological processes.
在这篇评论中，我们总结了近年来大环两亲分子（基于大环框架的两亲分子）研究的最新成果。这些有趣的分子在过去几十年中引起了广泛关注，因为它们在自组装过程中具有独特的优势和其他优点。与传统的线性两亲分子相比，大环两亲分子可以通过将亲水链和疏水链定位在相应的位置上，被剪裁成促进其自组装成各种具有明确结构的分子。由于大环两亲分子可以被视为具有主体-客体识别位点的“表面活性剂”，因此它们在需要在水介质中稳定、运输或保护客体分子的应用中可能非常有益。考虑到大环主体-客体化学的丰富研究成果，大环两亲分子在多维和分级自组装的构建中也可能提供有趣的新拓扑结构。此外，它们自组装的相互作用可以通过分子识别来介导，这可能会进一步加深我们对生物过程的理解。
