Bruschi David Edward, Perarnau-Llobet Martí, Friis Nicolai, Hovhannisyan Karen V, Huber Marcus
Racah Institute of Physics and Quantum Information Science Centre, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2015 Mar;91(3):032118. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.032118. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
We establish a rigorous connection between fundamental resource theories at the quantum scale. Correlations and entanglement constitute indispensable resources for numerous quantum information tasks. However, their establishment comes at the cost of energy, the resource of thermodynamics, and is limited by the initial entropy. Here, the optimal conversion of energy into correlations is investigated. Assuming the presence of a thermal bath, we establish general bounds for arbitrary systems and construct a protocol saturating them. The amount of correlations, quantified by the mutual information, can increase at most linearly with the available energy, and we determine where the linear regime breaks down. We further consider the generation of genuine quantum correlations, focusing on the fundamental constituents of our universe: fermions and bosons. For fermionic modes, we find the optimal entangling protocol. For bosonic modes, we show that while Gaussian operations can be outperformed in creating entanglement, their performance is optimal for high energies.
我们在量子尺度上建立了基本资源理论之间的严格联系。关联和纠缠是众多量子信息任务不可或缺的资源。然而，它们的建立是以能量为代价的，能量是热力学的资源，并且受到初始熵的限制。在此，我们研究了能量到关联的最优转换。假设存在热库，我们为任意系统建立了一般界限，并构建了一个使其饱和的协议。由互信息量化的关联量最多只能随可用能量线性增加，并且我们确定了线性区域的崩溃点。我们进一步考虑真正量子关联的产生，重点关注我们宇宙的基本组成部分：费米子和玻色子。对于费米子模式，我们找到了最优的纠缠协议。对于玻色子模式，我们表明虽然高斯操作在创建纠缠方面可能不如其他操作，但它们在高能量下的性能是最优的。
