Egan T M, Requard J J
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
Lung Banks of America, Chapel Hill, NC.
Am J Transplant. 2015 Aug;15(8):2031-6. doi: 10.1111/ajt.13246. Epub 2015 Apr 14.
In April 2014, the American Journal of Transplantation published a report on the first lung transplant in the United States recovered from an uncontrolled donation after circulatory determination of death donor (uDCDD), assessed by ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP). The article identified logistical and ethical issues related to introduction of lung transplant from uDCDDs. In an open clinical trial, we have Food and Drug Administration and Institutional Review Board approval to transplant lungs recovered from uDCDDs judged suitable after EVLP. Through this project and other experiences with lung recovery from uDCDDs, we have identified solutions to many logistical challenges and have addressed ethical issues surrounding lung transplant from uDCDDs that were mentioned in this case report. Here, we discuss those challenges, including issues related to recovery of other solid organs from uDCDDs. Despite logistical challenges, uDCDDs could solve the critical shortage of lungs for transplant. Furthermore, by avoiding the deleterious impact of brain death and days of positive pressure ventilation, and by using opportunities to treat lungs in the decedent or during EVLP, lungs recovered from uDCDDs may ultimately prove to be better than lungs currently being transplanted from conventional brain-dead organ donors.
2014年4月,《美国移植杂志》发表了一篇关于美国首例通过体外肺灌注(EVLP)评估、从非控制性循环判定死亡后供体(uDCDD)获取的肺移植报告。该文章指出了与引入uDCDD肺移植相关的后勤和伦理问题。在一项开放临床试验中,我们获得了美国食品药品监督管理局和机构审查委员会的批准,可移植经EVLP判定合适的从uDCDD获取的肺。通过该项目以及其他从uDCDD获取肺的经验,我们找到了许多后勤挑战的解决方案,并解决了该病例报告中提到的围绕uDCDD肺移植的伦理问题。在此,我们讨论这些挑战,包括与从uDCDD获取其他实体器官相关的问题。尽管存在后勤挑战,但uDCDD可解决移植肺严重短缺的问题。此外,通过避免脑死亡和数天正压通气的有害影响,并通过利用在死者体内或EVLP期间治疗肺的机会,从uDCDD获取的肺最终可能被证明比目前从传统脑死亡器官供体移植的肺更好。