De Moor Roeland Jozef Gentil, Verheyen Jeroen, Verheyen Peter, Diachuk Andrii, Meire Maarten August, De Coster Peter Jozef, De Bruyne Mieke, Keulemans Filip
Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Laser Centre, Ghent Dental Photonics Research Cluster, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Dental School, De Pintelaan 185-P8, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Ghent Dental Laser Centre, Ghent Dental Photonics Research Cluster, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Dental School, De Pintelaan 185-P8, 9000 Gent, Belgium ; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair and Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Clifford Allbutt Building, Cambridge Biosciences Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2015;2015:835405. doi: 10.1155/2015/835405. Epub 2015 Mar 22.
Light and heat increase the reactivity of hydrogen peroxide. There is no evidence that light activation (power bleaching with high-intensity light) results in a more effective bleaching with a longer lasting effect with high concentrated hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels. Laser light differs from conventional light as it requires a laser-target interaction. The interaction takes place in the first instance in the bleaching gel. The second interaction has to be induced in the tooth, more specifically in the dentine. There is evidence that interaction exists with the bleaching gel: photothermal, photocatalytical, and photochemical interactions are described. The reactivity of the gel is increased by adding photocatalyst of photosensitizers. Direct and effective photobleaching, that is, a direct interaction with the colour molecules in the dentine, however, is only possible with the argon (488 and 415 nm) and KTP laser (532 nm). A number of risks have been described such as heat generation. Nd:YAG and especially high power diode lasers present a risk with intrapulpal temperature elevation up to 22°C. Hypersensitivity is regularly encountered, being it of temporary occurrence except for a number of diode wavelengths and the Nd:YAG. The tooth surface remains intact after laser bleaching. At present, KTP laser is the most efficient dental bleaching wavelength.
光和热会增加过氧化氢的反应活性。没有证据表明光激活（用高强度光进行强力漂白）会使高浓度过氧化氢漂白凝胶的漂白效果更有效且持续时间更长。激光与传统光不同，因为它需要激光与目标相互作用。这种相互作用首先发生在漂白凝胶中。第二次相互作用必须在牙齿中诱导发生，更具体地说是在牙本质中。有证据表明与漂白凝胶存在相互作用：描述了光热、光催化和光化学相互作用。通过添加光敏剂的光催化剂可提高凝胶的反应活性。然而，只有氩激光（488和415纳米）和KTP激光（532纳米）才能实现直接有效的光漂白，即与牙本质中的色素分子直接相互作用。已经描述了一些风险，如产热。钕钇铝石榴石激光，尤其是高功率二极管激光存在牙髓腔内温度升高高达22°C的风险。经常会出现过敏现象，除了一些二极管波长和钕钇铝石榴石激光外，通常是暂时出现。激光漂白后牙齿表面保持完整。目前，KTP激光是最有效的牙齿漂白波长。
