Yoshimoto Mitsuyoshi, Kurihara Hiroaki, Fujii Hirofumi
Division of Functional Imaging, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2015;2015:842101. doi: 10.1155/2015/842101. Epub 2015 Mar 22.
During the past decade, the efficacy of new molecular targeted drugs such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and monoclonal antibodies has been proven worldwide, and molecular targeted therapies have become the mainstream in cancer therapy. However, clinical use of these new drugs presents unexpected adverse effects or poor therapeutic effects. Therefore, we require diagnostic tools to estimate the target molecule status in cancer tissues and predict therapeutic efficacy and adverse effects. Although immunohistochemical, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses of biopsy samples are conventional and popular for this diagnostic purpose, molecular imaging modalities such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are also useful for noninvasive estimation of gene and protein expression and drug pharmacokinetics. In this review, we introduce new radiolabeled TKIs, antibodies, and their clinical application in molecular targeted therapy and discuss the issues of these imaging probes.
在过去十年中，酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKIs）和单克隆抗体等新型分子靶向药物的疗效已在全球范围内得到证实，分子靶向治疗已成为癌症治疗的主流。然而，这些新药的临床应用出现了意想不到的不良反应或疗效不佳的情况。因此，我们需要诊断工具来评估癌组织中的靶分子状态，并预测治疗效果和不良反应。虽然活检样本的免疫组织化学、聚合酶链反应（PCR）和荧光原位杂交（FISH）分析是用于此诊断目的的传统且常用方法，但正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）等分子成像模式也有助于对基因和蛋白质表达以及药物药代动力学进行无创评估。在本综述中，我们介绍了新的放射性标记TKIs、抗体及其在分子靶向治疗中的临床应用，并讨论了这些成像探针的相关问题。
