Ratsitorahina Maherisoa, Rahelinirina Soanandrasana, Michault Alain, Rajerison Minoarisoa, Rajatonirina Soatiana, Richard Vincent
Epidemiology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Plague Unit, Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
PLoS One. 2015 Apr 14;10(4):e0122683. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122683. eCollection 2015.
Leptospirosis is a widespread but underreported cause of morbidity and mortality. It has rarely been reported in either humans or animals in Madagascar.
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the inhabitants in Moramanga, Madagascar, in June 2011, to estimate the prevalence of human infection using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). This activity was carried out as part of a workshop implemented by the Pasteur Institute of Madagascar, focusing on surveillance with a one week field study and targeting the health staff of the district level.
In total, we sampled 678 inhabitants from 263 households. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.65 and the mean age 26.7 years. We obtained a value of 2.9% for the first recorded seroprevalence of this disease in the human community of Moramanga. Questionnaire responses revealed frequent contacts between humans and rodents in Moramanga. However, activities involving cattle were identified as a risk factor significantly associated with seropositivity (OR=3).
Leptospirosis remains a neglected disease in Madagascar. This study highlights the need to quantify the public health impact of this neglected disease in a more large scale, in all the country and to establish point-of-care laboratories in remote areas.
钩端螺旋体病是一种广泛存在但报告不足的发病和死亡原因。在马达加斯加，无论是人类还是动物中，该病的报告都很少见。
2011年6月，我们对马达加斯加莫拉曼加的居民进行了一项横断面调查，采用显微镜凝集试验（MAT）来估计人类感染的患病率。这项活动是马达加斯加巴斯德研究所举办的一个研讨会的一部分，该研讨会重点是进行为期一周的现场研究监测，并以区级卫生工作人员为目标。
我们总共从263户家庭中抽取了678名居民。男女比例（男/女）为0.65，平均年龄为26.7岁。在莫拉曼加人类社区中，该疾病首次记录的血清阳性率为2.9%。问卷调查结果显示，莫拉曼加的人类与啮齿动物之间接触频繁。然而，涉及牛的活动被确定为与血清阳性显著相关的危险因素（比值比=3）。
在马达加斯加，钩端螺旋体病仍然是一种被忽视的疾病。这项研究强调有必要在全国范围内更广泛地量化这种被忽视疾病对公共卫生的影响，并在偏远地区建立即时检测实验室。
