Liu Kang, Zheng Yuanhui, Lu Xun, Thai Thibaut, Lee Nanju Alice, Bach Udo, Gooding J Justin
†School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
§ARC Training Centre for Advanced Technologies in Food Manufacture (ATFM), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Langmuir. 2015 May 5;31(17):4973-80. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00666. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
The conjugation of gold nanorods (AuNRs) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) is one of the most effective ways to reduce their cytotoxicity arising from the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and silver ions used in their synthesis. However, typical PEGylation occurs only at the tips of the AuNRs, producing partially modified AuNRs. To address this issue, we have developed a novel, facile, one-step surface functionalization method that involves the use of Tween 20 to stabilize AuNRs, bis(p-sulfonatophenyl)phenylphosphine (BSPP) to activate the AuNR surface for the subsequent PEGylation, and NaCl to etch silver from the AuNRs. This method allows for the complete removal of the surface-bound CTAB and the most active surface silver from the AuNRs. The produced AuNRs showed far lower toxicity than other methods to PEGylate AuNRs, with no apparent toxicity when their concentration is lower than 5 μg/mL. Even at a high concentration of 80 μg/mL, their cell viability is still four times higher than that of the tip-modified AuNRs.
将金纳米棒（AuNRs）与聚乙二醇（PEG）共轭是降低其因合成过程中使用的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）和银离子而产生的细胞毒性的最有效方法之一。然而，典型的聚乙二醇化仅发生在AuNRs的尖端，产生部分修饰的AuNRs。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一种新颖、简便的一步表面功能化方法，该方法涉及使用吐温20来稳定AuNRs，双（对磺基苯基）苯基膦（BSPP）来活化AuNRs表面以进行后续的聚乙二醇化，以及氯化钠从AuNRs中蚀刻银。这种方法可以完全去除AuNRs表面结合的CTAB和最活跃的表面银。所制备的AuNRs显示出比其他聚乙二醇化AuNRs的方法低得多的毒性，当它们的浓度低于5μg/mL时没有明显的毒性。即使在80μg/mL的高浓度下，它们的细胞活力仍比尖端修饰的AuNRs高四倍。
