Agner S, Bernet J, Brülhart Y, Radlinger L, Rogan S
Bern University of Applied Sciences, Health, Discipline of Physiotherapy, Murtenstrasse 10, 3008, Bern, Switzerland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2015 Dec;48(8):740-6. doi: 10.1007/s00391-015-0884-1. Epub 2015 Apr 16.
Up to now there have only been marginal data in the elderly in need of care regarding spatiotemporal gait parameters during single (ST) and dual tasking (DT).
The aim of this study was to allocate data for gait speed, cadence and stride length cycle variability in the elderly in need of care and in young adults during ST and DT, to compare the two groups and to demonstrate the impact of ST and DT on gait parameters.
This cross-sectional study investigated a group of 16 young healthy adults (mean age 23.0 ± 2.5 years) and a group of 16 elderly persons in need of care (mean age 85.5 ± 0.6 years). The RehaWatch system was used to collect the spatiotemporal gait parameters cadence, speed and stride length. The participants completed four different measurements during normal walking and fast walking during ST and DT over a walking distance of 20 m. The Wilcoxon rank sum test and Whitney-U test were used for statistical analysis.
Gait speed (ST and DT: p < 0.001), cadence (ST and DT: p < 0.001) and gait variability (ST: p = 0.007, DT: p = 0.003) were significantly reduced in the elderly in need of care group compared to the young group. The gait speed in the elderly in need of care group decreased from normal to fast walking (ST = - 2.8%, DT = - 12.2%) compared to the young group (ST = 31.5%, DT = 25.2%).
The results of this study are comparable with the results of existing studies, which investigated falling and non-falling participants. Elderly people in need of care cannot increase the normal gait speed.
到目前为止，关于需要护理的老年人在单任务（ST）和双任务（DT）期间的时空步态参数，仅有少量数据。
本研究的目的是收集需要护理的老年人和年轻人在ST和DT期间的步态速度、步频和步幅周期变异性数据，比较两组数据，并证明ST和DT对步态参数的影响。
这项横断面研究调查了一组16名年轻健康成年人（平均年龄23.0±2.5岁）和一组16名需要护理的老年人（平均年龄85.5±0.6岁）。使用RehaWatch系统收集时空步态参数步频、速度和步幅。参与者在20米的步行距离内，于ST和DT期间的正常行走和快速行走过程中完成四项不同测量。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验和Whitney-U检验进行统计分析。
与年轻组相比，需要护理的老年人组的步态速度（ST和DT：p<0.001）、步频（ST和DT：p<0.001）和步态变异性（ST：p = 0.007，DT：p = 0.003）显著降低。与年轻组（ST = 31.5%，DT = 25.2%）相比，需要护理的老年人组的步态速度从正常行走降至快速行走时下降幅度更大（ST = -2.8%，DT = -12.2%）。
本研究结果与现有研究中对跌倒和未跌倒参与者的研究结果具有可比性。需要护理的老年人无法提高正常步态速度。
