Mirman Daniel, Chen Qi, Zhang Yongsheng, Wang Ze, Faseyitan Olufunsho K, Coslett H Branch, Schwartz Myrna F
Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, 50 Township Line Road, Elkins Park, Pennsylvania 19027, USA.
Department of Psychology, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Nat Commun. 2015 Apr 16;6:6762. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7762.
Studies of patients with acquired cognitive deficits following brain damage and studies using contemporary neuroimaging techniques form two distinct streams of research on the neural basis of cognition. In this study, we combine high-quality structural neuroimaging analysis techniques and extensive behavioural assessment of patients with persistent acquired language deficits to study the neural basis of language. Our results reveal two major divisions within the language system-meaning versus form and recognition versus production-and their instantiation in the brain. Phonological form deficits are associated with lesions in peri-Sylvian regions, whereas semantic production and recognition deficits are associated with damage to the left anterior temporal lobe and white matter connectivity with frontal cortex, respectively. These findings provide a novel synthesis of traditional and contemporary views of the cognitive and neural architecture of language processing, emphasizing dual routes for speech processing and convergence of white matter tracts for semantic control and/or integration.
对脑损伤后获得性认知缺陷患者的研究以及使用当代神经成像技术的研究形成了关于认知神经基础的两个不同研究方向。在本研究中，我们结合了高质量的结构神经成像分析技术和对持续性获得性语言缺陷患者的广泛行为评估，以研究语言的神经基础。我们的结果揭示了语言系统中的两个主要划分——意义与形式以及识别与生成——及其在大脑中的体现。语音形式缺陷与颞叶周围区域的病变相关，而语义生成和识别缺陷分别与左侧颞前叶损伤以及与额叶皮质的白质连接有关。这些发现为语言处理的认知和神经结构的传统与当代观点提供了一种新颖的综合，强调了语音处理的双重途径以及白质束对语义控制和/或整合的汇聚。
