高级别膀胱癌评估中成像技术的进展。
Advances in imaging technologies in the evaluation of high-grade bladder cancer.
作者信息
Zlatev Dimitar V, Altobelli Emanuela, Liao Joseph C
机构信息
Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-287, Stanford, CA 94305-5118, USA.
Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-287, Stanford, CA 94305-5118, USA; Department of Urology, Campus Biomedico, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, Rome 00128, Italy.
出版信息
Urol Clin North Am. 2015 May;42(2):147-57, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2015.01.001. Epub 2015 Feb 28.
Bladder cancer ranges from a low-grade variant to high-grade disease. Assessment for treatment depends on white light cystoscopy, however because of its limitations there is a need for improved visualization of flat, multifocal, high-grade, and muscle-invasive lesions. Photodynamic diagnosis and narrow-band imaging provide additional contrast enhancement of bladder tumors and have been shown to improve detection rates. Confocal laser endomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography enable real-time, high-resolution, subsurface tissue characterization with spatial resolutions similar to histology. Molecular imaging offers the potential for the combination of optical imaging technologies with cancer-specific molecular agents to improve the specificity of disease detection.
膀胱癌涵盖从低级别变异型到高级别疾病。治疗评估依赖于白光膀胱镜检查，然而由于其局限性，对于扁平、多灶性、高级别及肌层浸润性病变，需要改善可视化效果。光动力诊断和窄带成像可提供膀胱肿瘤额外的对比度增强，且已证明能提高检测率。共聚焦激光显微内镜检查和光学相干断层扫描能够对表层下组织进行实时、高分辨率的特征描述，其空间分辨率与组织学相似。分子成像为将光学成像技术与癌症特异性分子试剂相结合以提高疾病检测的特异性提供了可能。
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