Huang Yue-Wern, Lee Han-Jung, Tolliver Larry M, Aronstam Robert S
Department of Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409-1120, USA.
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:834079. doi: 10.1155/2015/834079. Epub 2015 Mar 26.
Many viral and nonviral systems have been developed to aid delivery of biologically active molecules into cells. Among these, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have received increasing attention in the past two decades for biomedical applications. In this review, we focus on opportunities and challenges associated with CPP delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials. We first describe the nature of versatile CPPs and their interactions with various types of cargoes. We then discuss in vivo and in vitro delivery of nucleic acids and nanomaterials by CPPs. Studies on the mechanisms of cellular entry and limitations in the methods used are detailed.
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