肯尼亚年轻女性采用现代避孕方法的障碍：一项定性研究。
Barriers to modern contraceptive methods uptake among young women in Kenya: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Ochako Rhoune, Mbondo Mwende, Aloo Stephen, Kaimenyi Susan, Thompson Rachel, Temmerman Marleen, Kays Megan
机构信息
Population Services Kenya (PS Kenya), P.O. Box 22591, 00400, Nairobi, Kenya.
Population Services International, P.O. Box 14355, 00800, Nairobi, Kenya.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2015 Feb 10;15:118. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1483-1.
BACKGROUND
Young women in Kenya experience a higher risk of mistimed and unwanted pregnancy compared to older women. However, contraceptive use among youth remains low. Known barriers to uptake include side effects, access to commodities and partner approval.
METHODS
To inform a youth focussed behaviour change communication campaign, Population Services Kenya developed a qualitative study to better understand these barriers among young women. The study was carried out in Nyanza, Coast, and Central regions. Within these regions, urban or peri-urban districts were purposively selected based on having contraceptive prevalence rate close to the regional average and having a population with low socioeconomic profiles. In depth interviews were conducted with a sample of sexually active women aged 15-24, both users and non-users, that were drawn from randomly selected households.
RESULTS
All the respondents in the study were familiar with modern methods of contraception and most could describe their general mechanisms of action. Condoms were not considered as contraception by many users. Contraception was also associated with promiscuity and straying. Fear of side effects and adverse reactions were a major barrier to use. The biggest fear was that a particular method would cause infertility. Many fears were based on myths and misconceptions. Young women learn about both true side effects and myths from their social networks.
CONCLUSION
Findings from this research confirm that awareness and knowledge of contraception do not necessarily translate to use. The main barriers to modern contraceptive uptake among young women are myths and misconceptions. The findings stress the influence of social network approval on the use of family planning, beyond the individual's beliefs. In such settings, family planning programming should engage with the wider community through mass and peer campaign strategies. As an outcome from this study, Population Services Kenya developed a mass media campaign to address key myths and misconceptions among youth.
背景
与年长女性相比，肯尼亚年轻女性意外怀孕和意外生育的风险更高。然而，青少年的避孕措施使用率仍然很低。已知的使用障碍包括副作用、避孕用品的获取以及伴侣的同意。
方法
为了开展一项针对青少年的行为改变宣传活动，肯尼亚人口服务组织开展了一项定性研究，以更好地了解年轻女性面临的这些障碍。该研究在尼扬扎、海岸和中部地区进行。在这些地区，根据避孕普及率接近地区平均水平且社会经济状况较低的人口情况，有目的地选择了城市或城郊地区。对从随机选择的家庭中抽取的15至24岁性活跃女性样本（包括使用者和非使用者）进行了深入访谈。
结果
研究中的所有受访者都熟悉现代避孕方法，大多数人能够描述其一般作用机制。许多使用者并不将避孕套视为避孕方式。避孕还与滥交和出轨联系在一起。对副作用和不良反应的恐惧是使用避孕措施的主要障碍。最大的担忧是某种特定方法会导致不孕。许多担忧基于误解和错误观念。年轻女性从其社交网络中了解到真实的副作用和误解。
结论
这项研究的结果证实，对避孕措施的认识和了解不一定会转化为实际使用。年轻女性采用现代避孕措施的主要障碍是误解和错误观念。研究结果强调了社交网络认可对计划生育使用的影响，超出了个人的信念。在这种情况下，计划生育规划应通过大众和同伴宣传策略与更广泛的社区进行互动。作为这项研究的成果，肯尼亚人口服务组织开展了一场大众媒体宣传活动，以消除青少年中的关键误解和错误观念。
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