Torres-Avilez Wendy, Méndez-González Martha, Durán-García Rafael, Boulogne Isabelle, Germosén-Robineau Lionel
Laboratory of Applied and Theoretical Ethnobiology (LEA), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP, 52171-900, Brazil.
Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C. Unidad de Recursos Naturales, TRAMIL (Program of Applied Research to Popular Medicine in the Caribbean), Calle 43 No. 130, Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida, Yucatán, CP, 97200, México.
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2015 Feb 25;11:18. doi: 10.1186/s13002-015-0008-4.
The Caribbean Basin has complex biogeographical and cultural histories that have shaped its highly diverse botanical and cultural landscapes. As a result, the current ethnic composition of the Basin is a heterogeneous mixture including Amerindian, Afrocaribbean and a wide range of Mestizo populations. A comparison was done of the medicinal plant repertoires used by these groups to identify the proportion of native species they include and any differences between the groups.
The TRAMIL program has involved application of ethnopharmacological surveys to gather data on the medicinal plants used for primary care in 55 locations the Caribbean Basin. Three Afrocaribbean, three Amerindian and three Mestizo communities were selected taking in account the Ethnic prevalence. Differences in native and exotic plant used by groups and between groups were done using contingency tables. Identification of differences in the numbers of native and exotic plants used within each group was done with a one sample Z -test for proportions. Similarity in medicinal species use was estimated using the Sørensen Similarity Index. Species use value (UV) was estimated and a principal components analysis (PCA) run to determine differences between groups.
The 1,753 plant records generated from the surveys of the nine communities included in the analysis covered 389 species from 300 genera and 98 families. The studied groups used different numbers of native and exotic species: Afrocaribbean (99 natives, 49 exotics); Amerindian (201 natives, 46 exotics); and Mestizo (63 natives, 44 exotics). The proportion of natives to exotics was significantly different in between the Afrocaribbean and Amerindian communities, and between the Amerindian and Mestizo communities, but not between the Afrocaribbean and Mestizo communities. In the PCA, the groups were disparate in terms of the use value they assigned to the medicinal species; these were determined according to species with high use value and those used exclusively be a particular group
Although migration, cultural intermixing and a consequent hybridization of medicinal plant knowledge have occurred in the Caribbean Basin, the results highlight differences between the three studied groups in terms of the medicinal plant repertoire they employ for primary health care.
加勒比地区拥有复杂的生物地理和文化历史，塑造了其高度多样的植物景观和文化景观。因此，该地区目前的种族构成是一个异质混合体，包括美洲印第安人、非洲裔加勒比人和各种各样的混血人群。对这些群体所使用的药用植物种类进行了比较，以确定其中本土物种的比例以及各群体之间的差异。
TRAMIL项目涉及应用民族植物学调查来收集加勒比地区55个地点用于初级保健的药用植物数据。考虑到种族分布情况，选择了三个非洲裔加勒比人社区、三个美洲印第安人社区和三个混血社区。使用列联表分析各群体以及群体之间使用本土植物和外来植物的差异。通过单样本Z检验比例来确定每个群体中使用的本土植物和外来植物数量的差异。使用索伦森相似性指数估计药用物种使用的相似性。估计物种使用价值（UV）并进行主成分分析（PCA）以确定群体之间的差异。
对分析中包括的九个社区进行调查产生的1753条植物记录涵盖了来自300属98科的389种植物。所研究的群体使用的本土和外来物种数量不同：非洲裔加勒比人（99种本土植物，49种外来植物）；美洲印第安人（201种本土植物，46种外来植物）；混血人群（63种本土植物，44种外来植物）。非洲裔加勒比人社区与美洲印第安人社区之间，以及美洲印第安人社区与混血人群社区之间，本土植物与外来植物的比例存在显著差异，但非洲裔加勒比人社区与混血人群社区之间没有显著差异。在主成分分析中，各群体在赋予药用物种的使用价值方面存在差异；这些差异是根据具有高使用价值的物种以及特定群体专门使用的物种来确定的。
尽管加勒比地区发生了移民、文化融合以及随之而来的药用植物知识杂交，但结果突出了三个研究群体在用于初级卫生保健的药用植物种类方面的差异。
