Hanif Palla Amber, Gilani Anwarul-Hassan
Natural Products Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
Natural Products Research Division, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, PO Box 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Jul 1;169:60-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.064. Epub 2015 Apr 15.
This study was planned to assess pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Flaxseed in constipation and diarrhea.
The oil and mucilage of Flaxseeds were studied for their laxative, and antidiarrheal activities in mice. The mechanisms of laxative and antidiarrheal activities were further studied using the isolated tissue preparations (rabbit jejunum and guinea-pig ileum) immersed in Tyrode׳s solution maintained at 37°C and aerated with carbogen gas. Isotonic responses were measured on spontaneously contracting isolated jejunum and guinea-pig ileum preparations.
Oral administration of Flaxseed oil (30 and 70mg/kg, orally) and mucilage (1 and 2.5g/kg, orally) caused dose-dependent increase in wet feces in mice. The spasmogenic effect of Flaxseed oil was partially blocked by pyrilamine (p<0.05) and atropine (p<0.01) in isolated rabbit jejunum whereas atropine completely blocked the effect of Flaxseed mucilage on isolated guinea-pig ileum. When studied for its antidiarrheal effect, Flaxseed oil reduced the castor oil-induced diarrheal score by 49.35% and 84.41% and intestinal secretions by 19% and 33.62% at the oral doses of 100 and 300mg/kg respectively. In isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, Flaxseed oil produced a dose-dependent inhibition of both spontaneous and low K(+) (25mM) -induced contractions in rabbit jejunum. The inhibitory effect against low K(+) was most sensitive to tetra-ethylammonium chloride, a non-specific K(+) channel blocker, followed by glibenclamide, a partial ATP-dependent K(+) channels blocker and 4-Aminopyridine, a voltage gated K(+)-channel blocker.
Our results indicate that Flaxseed oil and mucilage exhibit laxative activity, mediated primarily through cholinergic pathway with weak histaminergic effect component evident in Flaxseed oil, which also showed antidiarrheal activity, mediated possibly through K(+) channels activation. Thus this study rationalizes the medicinal use of Flaxseed in both the constipation and diarrhea with sound mechanistic basis.
本研究旨在评估亚麻籽在便秘和腹泻药用方面的药理学依据。
研究了亚麻籽的油和黏液在小鼠体内的通便和止泻活性。使用浸泡在37°C的台氏液中并用混合气体通气的离体组织标本（兔空肠和豚鼠回肠）进一步研究通便和止泻活性的机制。在自发收缩的离体空肠和豚鼠回肠标本上测量等张反应。
口服亚麻籽油（30和70mg/kg，口服）和黏液（1和2.5g/kg，口服）可使小鼠湿粪量呈剂量依赖性增加。在离体兔空肠中，吡苄明（p<0.05）和阿托品（p<0.01）可部分阻断亚麻籽油的致痉作用，而阿托品可完全阻断亚麻籽黏液对离体豚鼠回肠的作用。在研究其止泻作用时，口服剂量为100和300mg/kg的亚麻籽油分别使蓖麻油诱导的腹泻评分降低49.35%和84.41%，使肠道分泌物减少19%和33.62%。在离体兔空肠标本中，亚麻籽油对兔空肠的自发收缩和低钾（25mM）诱导的收缩均产生剂量依赖性抑制。对低钾的抑制作用对非特异性钾通道阻滞剂四乙铵最为敏感，其次是部分ATP依赖性钾通道阻滞剂格列本脲和电压门控钾通道阻滞剂4-氨基吡啶。
我们的结果表明，亚麻籽油和黏液具有通便活性，主要通过胆碱能途径介导，亚麻籽油中存在较弱的组胺能效应成分，其还具有止泻活性，可能通过钾通道激活介导。因此，本研究为亚麻籽在便秘和腹泻治疗中的药用提供了合理的机制依据。
