Ventosa Edgar, Skoumal Marcel, Vazquez Francisco Javier, Flox Cristina, Arbiol Jordi, Morante Joan Ramon
Department of Advanced Materials for Energy, Catalonia Institute for Energy Research, Jardins de les Dones de Negre, 1, 08930 Sant Adria de Besos (Spain).
ICREA and Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (ICN2), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, CAT (Spain).
ChemSusChem. 2015 May 22;8(10):1737-44. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201500349. Epub 2015 Apr 17.
The semi-solid flow battery (SSFB) is a promising storage energy technology featured by employing semi-solid fluid electrodes containing conductive additive and active Li-ion battery materials. The state of art anode material for SSFB is Li4 Ti5 O12 (LTO). This work shows that LTO improves drastically the performance in fluid electrode via hydrogen annealing manifesting the importance of the electrical conductivity of the active material in SSFBs. On the other hand, the properties of fluid electrodes allow the contributions of ionic and electrical resistance to be separated in operando. The asymmetric overpotential observed in Li4 Ti5 O12 and TiO2 is proposed to originate from the so-called electron bottleneck mechanism based on the transformation from electrically insulator to conductor upon (de-)lithiation, or vice versa, which should be considered when modelling, evaluating or designing advanced materials based on Li4 Ti5 O12 , TiO2 or others with insulating-conducting behavior materials.
半固态液流电池（SSFB）是一种很有前景的储能技术，其特点是采用含有导电添加剂和活性锂离子电池材料的半固态流体电极。SSFB目前最先进的阳极材料是Li4Ti5O12（LTO）。这项工作表明，通过氢气退火，LTO极大地提高了流体电极的性能，这表明活性材料的电导率在SSFB中很重要。另一方面，流体电极的特性使得离子电阻和电阻的贡献能够在运行中分离。在Li4Ti5O12和TiO2中观察到的不对称过电位被认为源于所谓的电子瓶颈机制，该机制基于在（脱）锂化时从电绝缘体到导体的转变，反之亦然，在基于Li4Ti5O12、TiO2或其他具有绝缘-导电行为材料来建模、评估或设计先进材料时应考虑这一点。
