Larson Heidi J, Jarrett Caitlin, Schulz William S, Chaudhuri Mohuya, Zhou Yuqing, Dube Eve, Schuster Melanie, MacDonald Noni E, Wilson Rose
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom and Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom and Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Vaccine. 2015 Aug 14;33(34):4165-75. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.037. Epub 2015 Apr 18.
In March 2012, the SAGE Working Group on Vaccine Hesitancy was convened to define the term "vaccine hesitancy", as well as to map the determinants of vaccine hesitancy and develop tools to measure and address the nature and scale of hesitancy in settings where it is becoming more evident. The definition of vaccine hesitancy and a matrix of determinants guided the development of a survey tool to assess the nature and scale of hesitancy issues. Additionally, vaccine hesitancy questions were piloted in the annual WHO-UNICEF joint reporting form, completed by National Immunization Managers globally. The objective of characterizing the nature and scale of vaccine hesitancy issues is to better inform the development of appropriate strategies and policies to address the concerns expressed, and to sustain confidence in vaccination. The Working Group developed a matrix of the determinants of vaccine hesitancy informed by a systematic review of peer reviewed and grey literature, and by the expertise of the working group. The matrix mapped the key factors influencing the decision to accept, delay or reject some or all vaccines under three categories: contextual, individual and group, and vaccine-specific. These categories framed the menu of survey questions presented in this paper to help diagnose and address vaccine hesitancy.
2012年3月，疫苗犹豫问题战略咨询专家组（SAGE）工作组成立，旨在界定“疫苗犹豫”一词，梳理疫苗犹豫的决定因素，并开发工具，以衡量和应对疫苗犹豫现象日益明显地区疫苗犹豫的性质和规模。疫苗犹豫的定义以及决定因素矩阵指导了一项调查工具的开发，该工具用于评估犹豫问题的性质和规模。此外，疫苗犹豫相关问题已在世卫组织-联合国儿童基金会年度联合报告表中进行试点，该报告表由全球各国免疫规划管理人员填写。了解疫苗犹豫问题的性质和规模，目的是为制定适当战略和政策提供更充分的信息，以解决所表达的担忧，并维持对疫苗接种的信心。工作组通过对同行评审文献和灰色文献的系统综述以及工作组的专业知识，制定了疫苗犹豫决定因素矩阵。该矩阵将影响接受、延迟或拒绝部分或全部疫苗决策的关键因素分为三类：背景因素、个人和群体因素以及疫苗特异性因素。这些类别构成了本文所提出的调查问卷的框架，以帮助诊断和应对疫苗犹豫问题。
