Xu Dong-mei, Wang Yan-hua, Wang Nan, Rao Gui-wei
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Jan;36(1):280-5.
Combined pollution of heavy metal and pesticide had posed a serious threat to soil ecology and human living environment. As two common types of pollutants in soil environment, the environmental effects of combined pollution of Cu and chlorpyrifos are worth for attention. The acute lethal effects and avoiding behavior of single and co-exposure of Cu and chlorpyrifos on earthworms were analyzed by using the methods of standard OECD filter paper test and artificial soil test. Results showed that the LC(50,48 h) and LC(50,14 d) of the acute toxicity of Cu on earthworm in filter paper test and in artificial soil test were 2.23 microg x cm(-2) and 496.05 mg x kg(-1), respectively. The LC(50,48 h) and LC(50,14 d) of the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos on earthworm in filter paper test and in artificial soil test were 5.94 microg x cm(-2) and 186.07 mg x kg(-1), respectively. In filter paper test and artificial soil test, the joint acute toxicity of Cu and chlorpyrifos showed an additive effect while the concentration was 1:1. The type of combined effects of co-exposure of Cu and chlorpyrifos was synergistic effect and antagonistic effect in filter paper test and artificial soil test, respectively, while the toxicity was 1:1. The results of avoidance behavior test showed that the joint effect of Cu and chlorpyrifos on the avoidance behavior of earthworms was antagonistic.
重金属与农药的复合污染已对土壤生态和人类生活环境构成严重威胁。作为土壤环境中两种常见的污染物类型，铜与毒死蜱复合污染的环境效应值得关注。采用经合组织标准滤纸试验和人工土壤试验方法，分析了铜与毒死蜱单一及联合暴露对蚯蚓的急性致死效应和回避行为。结果表明，在滤纸试验和人工土壤试验中，铜对蚯蚓急性毒性的LC(50,48 h)和LC(50,14 d)分别为2.23 μg·cm(-2)和496.05 mg·kg(-1)。在滤纸试验和人工土壤试验中，毒死蜱对蚯蚓急性毒性的LC(50,48 h)和LC(50,14 d)分别为5.94 μg·cm(-2)和186.07 mg·kg(-1)。在滤纸试验和人工土壤试验中，当浓度为1:1时，铜与毒死蜱的联合急性毒性表现为相加作用。在滤纸试验和人工土壤试验中，铜与毒死蜱联合暴露的联合效应类型分别为协同效应和拮抗效应，毒性均为1:1。回避行为试验结果表明，铜与毒死蜱对蚯蚓回避行为的联合效应为拮抗作用。
