免疫系统对内分泌系统的影响

Immune System Effects on the Endocrine System

作者信息

Yavropoulou Maria P., Sfikakis Petros P., Chrousos George P.

机构信息

Senior Consultant in Endocrinology, First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko University Hospital, Athens, Greece

Professor of Internal Medicine-Rheumatology, First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko University Hospital, Athens, Greece

PMID:25905362

Abstract

Among the most important and complex systems in the human body are the endocrine and immune systems. Emerging research over the last decade has shed light on their remarkable interplay, revealing a multitude of bidirectional communication pathways and reciprocal regulation mechanisms. Endocrine diseases, such as autoimmune thyroiditis, diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2, osteoporosis, and disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, as well as endocrine malignancies, such as thyroid cancer, are highly interconnected with dysregulations of the immune system. Thus, multiple cytokines, chemokines, and evolving inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of immune-related endocrine disorders, providing potential targets for immune-based therapeutic approaches. In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying these complex endocrine-immune interactions, and discuss the implications of immune system function or dysfunction in endocrine disorders. For complete coverage of all related areas of Endocrinology, please visit our on-line FREE web-text, WWW.ENDOTEXT.ORG.

摘要

人体中最重要且最复杂的系统包括内分泌系统和免疫系统。过去十年间不断涌现的研究揭示了它们之间显著的相互作用，发现了众多双向通讯途径和相互调节机制。自身免疫性甲状腺炎、1型和2型糖尿病、骨质疏松症以及下丘脑 - 垂体 - 肾上腺（HPA）轴紊乱等内分泌疾病，以及甲状腺癌等内分泌恶性肿瘤，都与免疫系统失调高度相关。因此，多种细胞因子、趋化因子以及不断演变的炎症过程参与了免疫相关内分泌疾病的发病机制，为基于免疫的治疗方法提供了潜在靶点。在本章中，我们全面概述了这些复杂的内分泌 - 免疫相互作用背后的分子机制，并讨论了免疫系统功能或功能障碍在内分泌疾病中的影响。如需全面涵盖内分泌学的所有相关领域，请访问我们的在线免费网络文本，网址为WWW.ENDOTEXT.ORG。