Crépy Marie-Noelle
Department of Occupational Diseases Paris University Hospital, Centre COCHIN, AP-HP 27 rue du Fb St Jacques 75014 Paris, France, Rehabilitation - Evaluation - Reintegration (RER) Department of Occupational Health and Reintegration 104 Boulevard Raymond Poincaré 92380 Garches.
Eur J Dermatol. 2015 Sep-Oct;25(5):375-83. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2015.2559.
Instrumental musicians are a risk group for skin diseases. A systematic review was performed on Pubmed database and in the musical literature. Most publications on dermatoses in musicians are case reports. The exact prevalence of skin diseases in musicians is unknown but high rates have been reported. The most at-risk musicians are percussionists, string and wind instrumentalists. Repeated physical trauma is a frequent cause of skin conditions in musicians (callosities, fiddler's neck syndrome…). The allergens most often reported in musicians' allergic contact dermatitis are metals (nickel, dichromate), exotic woods and cane reed components, colophony and propolis. The key preventive measures are early management of the skin disease, specific tests and avoidance of the causative allergens, together with better adjustment of playing techniques to reduce trauma.
器乐演奏者是患皮肤病的风险群体。我们在PubMed数据库和音乐文献中进行了一项系统综述。关于音乐家皮肤病的大多数出版物都是病例报告。音乐家皮肤病的确切患病率尚不清楚，但已有高患病率的报道。风险最高的音乐家是打击乐手、弦乐和管乐演奏者。反复的身体创伤是音乐家皮肤问题的常见原因（胼胝、小提琴手颈部综合征……）。在音乐家的过敏性接触性皮炎中最常报告的过敏原是金属（镍、重铬酸盐）、外来木材和甘蔗芦苇成分、松香和蜂胶。关键的预防措施是皮肤病的早期管理、特定检测和避免致病过敏原，以及更好地调整演奏技巧以减少创伤。
