Kelly Kimberly M, Bhattacharya Rituparna, Dickinson Stephanie, Hazard Hannah
Author Affiliations: School of Pharmacy and Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown (Dr Kelly and Ms Bhattacharya); Department of Statistics, Indiana University, Bloomington (Ms Dickinson); Department of Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown (Dr Hazard).
Cancer Nurs. 2015 May-Jun;38(3):E27-34. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000167.
With improved treatments, the survival rate for breast cancer patients is increasing. With the improvements in quantity of life, research in the field of cancer survivorship has turned its attention to psychosocial functioning and health behaviors.
The purpose of this study was to examine how those currently under treatment and those completing treatment engaged in health behaviors (ie, diet, vitamin use, exercise, and cancer screening) and if psychosocial predictors, guided by the Self-regulation Model, also play a role.
Using the Self-regulation Model, the current survey and medical record review examined health behaviors (diet, vitamin use, exercise, cancer screening) in individuals in active treatment for breast cancer and in those completing treatment (n = 141).
Regression models revealed that those in active treatment had less healthy food consumption, vitamin use, and clinical examinations than did treatment completers. Greater perceived treatment efficacy was associated with diet and vitamin use but not exercise or cancer screening. Greater perceived risk of recurrence was associated with less exercise. Greater distress was associated with greater mammography use. Those from metro areas had greater healthy food consumption.
Qualitative data indicated that chemotherapy interfered with health behaviors for those in active treatment; treatment completers wished to have a healthier lifestyle.
Cancer treatment interferes with health behaviors, and these health behaviors might help individuals manage their cancer treatment more effectively.
Those currently undergoing treatment desire assistance with a healthier lifestyle, and relevant clinical interventions should stress treatment efficacy.
随着治疗方法的改进，乳腺癌患者的生存率在提高。随着生活质量的改善，癌症幸存者领域的研究已将注意力转向心理社会功能和健康行为。
本研究的目的是探讨目前正在接受治疗的患者以及完成治疗的患者如何践行健康行为（即饮食、维生素使用、运动和癌症筛查），以及在自我调节模型指导下的心理社会预测因素是否也发挥作用。
使用自我调节模型，本次调查和病历审查考察了正在接受乳腺癌积极治疗的个体以及完成治疗的个体（n = 141）的健康行为（饮食、维生素使用、运动、癌症筛查）。
回归模型显示，正在接受治疗的患者与完成治疗的患者相比，健康食品摄入量、维生素使用量和临床检查较少。更高的治疗效能感与饮食和维生素使用相关，但与运动或癌症筛查无关。更高的复发风险感知与较少的运动相关。更高的痛苦程度与更多的乳房X光检查使用相关。来自大都市地区的人健康食品摄入量更高。
定性数据表明，化疗会干扰正在接受治疗的患者的健康行为；完成治疗的患者希望拥有更健康的生活方式。
癌症治疗会干扰健康行为，而这些健康行为可能有助于个体更有效地应对癌症治疗。
目前正在接受治疗的患者希望在更健康的生活方式方面得到帮助，相关的临床干预应强调治疗效能。
