Kulawik Piotr, Migdał Władysław, Gambuś Florian, Cieślik Ewa, Özoğul Fatih, Tkaczewska Joanna, Szczurowska Katarzyna, Wałkowska Izabela
Department of Animal Product Technology, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture, 30-149, Krakow, Poland.
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Economies, University of Agriculture, 30-120, Krakow, Poland.
J Sci Food Agric. 2016 Mar 15;96(4):1373-9. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7233. Epub 2015 Jun 15.
Microbiological and chemical safety concerns regarding frozen fillets from pangasius catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) exported to Poland, Germany and Ukraine and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exported to Poland and Germany were investigated by analyzing heavy metal residues, microbiological hazards, biogenic amines, and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) content.
The heavy metal residues from all studied samples were far lower than the limits established by authorities. The most abundant biogenic amine found was histamine, with a maximum content of 9.6 mg 100 g(-1) , found in pangasius exported to Poland. The total viable counts were from 2.8 log cfu g(-1) in pangasius exported to Ukraine to 4.3 log cfu g(-1) in pangasius exported to Germany. Vibrio spp. were present in 70-80% of all studied pangasius groups, whereas there no Vibrio spp. were found in the studied tilapia samples. 30% of Pangasius fillets exported to Poland were contaminated with coagulase-positive staphylococci. No E. coli was found in any of the studied samples. Although the results of TBA analysis differed significantly between studied groups, the malonic aldehyde content in all studied groups was still very low. The TVB-N content in frozen fillets from pangasius was significantly lower than in frozen tilapia fillets.
We reported that pangasius catfish frozen fillets were widely contaminated with Vibrio spp., which could prove hazardous for the final consumer if the fish is eaten raw or undercooked. The rest of the analysis showed no other reason for concern associated with Nile tilapia and Pangasius catfish frozen fillet consumption.
通过分析重金属残留、微生物危害、生物胺、硫代巴比妥酸（TBA）和总挥发性盐基氮（TVB-N）含量，对出口到波兰、德国和乌克兰的巴沙鱼（苏氏圆腹芒）冻鱼片以及出口到波兰和德国的尼罗罗非鱼冻鱼片的微生物和化学安全性进行了调查。
所有研究样本中的重金属残留均远低于当局规定的限值。发现的最主要生物胺是组胺，在出口到波兰的巴沙鱼中含量最高，为9.6毫克/100克。总活菌数从出口到乌克兰的巴沙鱼中的2.8 log cfu/g到出口到德国的巴沙鱼中的4.3 log cfu/g不等。在所研究的所有巴沙鱼组中，70%-80%存在弧菌属，而在所研究的罗非鱼样本中未发现弧菌属。出口到波兰的巴沙鱼片中有30%被凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌污染。在任何研究样本中均未发现大肠杆菌。尽管不同研究组之间的TBA分析结果存在显著差异，但所有研究组中的丙二醛含量仍然很低。巴沙鱼冻鱼片的TVB-N含量显著低于罗非鱼冻鱼片。
我们报告称，巴沙鱼冻鱼片广泛受到弧菌属污染，如果生食或未煮熟食用，可能对最终消费者构成危害。其余分析表明，食用尼罗罗非鱼和巴沙鱼冻鱼片不存在其他值得关注的问题。
