Rice Melissa S, Valentine Christina J
Division of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Human Milk and Lactation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio Parkview Regional Medical Center, Fort Wayne, Indiana. Dr Valentine is now employed by Mead Johnson Nutrition, Evansville, Indiana
Division of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Human Milk and Lactation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2015 Oct;30(5):625-32. doi: 10.1177/0884533615578917. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
Neonatal nutrition adequacy is often determined by infant weight gain. The aim of this review is to summarize what is currently known about neonatal body composition and the use of body composition as a measure for adequate neonatal nutrition. Unlike traditional anthropometric measures of height and weight, body composition measurements account for fat vs nonfat mass gains. This provides a more accurate picture of neonatal composition of weight gain. Providing adequate neonatal nutrition in the form of quantity and composition can be a challenge, especially when considering the delicate balance of providing adequate nutrition to preterm infants for catch-up growth. Monitoring weight gain as fat mass and nonfat mass while documenting dietary intake of fat, protein, and carbohydrate in formulas may help provide the medical community the tools to provide optimal nutrition for catch-up growth and for improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Tracking body composition in term and preterm infants may also provide critical future information concerning the nutritional state of infants who go on to develop future disease such as obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia as adolescents or adults.
新生儿营养充足与否通常由婴儿体重增加情况来判定。本综述的目的是总结目前关于新生儿身体成分的已知信息，以及将身体成分用作衡量新生儿营养充足的一种方法。与传统的身高和体重人体测量方法不同，身体成分测量考虑了脂肪与非脂肪质量的增加。这能更准确地呈现新生儿体重增加的构成情况。以数量和成分的形式提供充足的新生儿营养可能是一项挑战，尤其是在考虑为早产儿提供充足营养以实现追赶生长时要达到的微妙平衡。在记录配方奶中脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的膳食摄入量时，将体重增加监测为脂肪质量和非脂肪质量，可能有助于为医学界提供工具，以提供最佳营养来实现追赶生长并改善神经发育结局。追踪足月儿和早产儿的身体成分，还可能为那些在青少年或成年后会患上肥胖、高血压和高脂血症等未来疾病的婴儿的营养状况提供关键的未来信息。
