台湾的 ICU 服务。
ICU service in Taiwan.
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan ; Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan ; Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
出版信息
J Intensive Care. 2014 Feb 5;2(1):8. doi: 10.1186/2052-0492-2-8. eCollection 2014.
BACKGROUND
The aim of the study was to understand the current status of intensive care unit (ICU) in order to optimize the resources achieving the best possible care.
METHODS
The study analyzed the status of ICU settings based on the Taiwan National Health Insurance database between March 2004 and February 2009.
RESULTS
A total of 1,028,364 ICU patients were identified. The age was 65 ± 18 years, and 61% of the patients were male. The total ICU bed occupancy rate was 83.8% which went up to 87.3% during winter. The ICU bed occupancy was 94.4% in major medical centers. The ICU stay was 6.5 ± 0.5 days, and the overall ICU mortality rate was 20.2%. The hospital stay was 16.4 ± 16.8 days, and the average cost of total hospital stay was approximately US$5,186 per patient.
CONCLUSIONS
The rate of ICU bed occupancy was dependent on seasonal changes, and it reached near full capacity in major medical centers in Taiwan. The ICU beds were distributed based on the categories of hospitals in order to achieve a reasonable cost efficiency. ICU faces many challenges to maintain and improve quality care because of the increasing cost of state-of-the-art technologies and dealing with aging population.
背景
本研究旨在了解重症监护病房（ICU）的现状，以优化资源，提供尽可能好的护理。
方法
本研究基于 2004 年 3 月至 2009 年 2 月的台湾全民健康保险数据库，分析 ICU 设置的现状。
结果
共纳入 1028364 例 ICU 患者，年龄为 65±18 岁，其中 61%为男性。总 ICU 床位占用率为 83.8%，冬季上升至 87.3%。主要医疗中心的 ICU 床位占用率为 94.4%。ICU 入住时间为 6.5±0.5 天，整体 ICU 死亡率为 20.2%。住院时间为 16.4±16.8 天，每位患者的总住院费用约为 5186 美元。
结论
ICU 床位占用率取决于季节变化，在台湾的主要医疗中心接近满负荷运转。根据医院类别分配 ICU 床位，以实现合理的成本效益。由于先进技术成本的增加以及应对人口老龄化，ICU 在维持和提高护理质量方面面临诸多挑战。
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