Kwok Sze Chai, Macaluso Emiliano
Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science, NYU-Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Neuroimaging Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Neuroimaging Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy.
Cognition. 2015 Jul;140:111-21. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2015.04.007. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
Recent demonstrations of scale invariance in cognitive domains prompted us to investigate whether a scale-free pattern might exist in retrieving the temporal order of events from episodic memory. We present four experiments using an encoding-retrieval paradigm with naturalistic stimuli (movies or video clips). Our studies show that temporal order judgement retrieval times were negatively correlated with the temporal separation between two events in the movie. This relation held, irrespective of whether temporal distances were on the order of tens of minutes (Exp 1-2) or just a few seconds (Exp 3-4). Using the SIMPLE model, we factored in the retention delays between encoding and retrieval (delays of 24 h, 15 min, 1.5-2.5 s, and 0.5 s for Exp 1-4, respectively) and computed a temporal similarity score for each trial. We found a positive relation between similarity and retrieval times; that is, the more temporally similar two events, the slower the retrieval of their temporal order. Using Bayesian analysis, we confirmed the equivalence of the RT/similarity relation across all experiments, which included a vast range of temporal distances and retention delays. These results provide evidence for scale invariance during the retrieval of temporal order of episodic memories.
最近在认知领域中关于尺度不变性的证明促使我们去研究在从情景记忆中检索事件的时间顺序时是否可能存在无标度模式。我们使用带有自然主义刺激（电影或视频片段）的编码-检索范式进行了四项实验。我们的研究表明，时间顺序判断检索时间与电影中两个事件之间的时间间隔呈负相关。无论时间间隔是几十分钟（实验1-2）还是只有几秒钟（实验3-4），这种关系都成立。使用SIMPLE模型，我们考虑了编码和检索之间的保持延迟（实验1-4分别为24小时、15分钟、1.5 - 2.5秒和0.5秒），并为每个试验计算了一个时间相似性分数。我们发现相似性与检索时间之间存在正相关关系；也就是说，两个事件在时间上越相似，它们时间顺序的检索就越慢。使用贝叶斯分析，我们证实了所有实验中反应时间/相似性关系的等效性，这些实验涵盖了广泛的时间间隔和保持延迟。这些结果为情景记忆时间顺序检索过程中的尺度不变性提供了证据。
