Chen Zhuo, Li Hairong, Yang Linsheng, Wang Wuyi, Li Yonghua, Gong Hongqiang, Guo Min, Nima Cangjue, Zhao Shengcheng, Wang Jing, Ye Bixiong, Danzeng Sangbu, Deji Yangzong
Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2015 Nov;168(1):25-32. doi: 10.1007/s12011-015-0333-4. Epub 2015 Apr 25.
Previous studies have shown that the selenium (Se) deficiency is an important factor for the etiology of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). Although KBD is presently controlled in most regions of China, it is still active in the Tibetan Plateau. The present study aimed to assess the nutritional status of selenium in school children by using the Se level in hair as a biomarker in KBD endemic areas of Lhasa in Tibet, China. Hair samples of 155 school children aged 6-15 years were collected in both KBD areas and non-KBD areas of Lhasa in 2013. The Se level in the hair samples was determined by inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The average concentration of Se in children's hair was 0.232 μg/g in KBD areas of Lhasa, which was significantly higher than the data reported decades ago. A significant difference in hair Se was observed between the boys (0.255 μg/g) and the girls (0.222 μg/g) in the studied KBD areas (P < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U test), but hair Se did not vary by age or region. School children in KBD endemic areas in Lhasa likely have improved Se status as a result of high Se content staple food substitution with the enforcement of Free Education Policy and Nutrition Improvement Plan in Tibet. Nevertheless, there were still 20.3 % of students with low Se status (hair Se <0.20 μg/g), which showed that Se status of school children was also partly affected by low Se environment in KBD endemic areas of Lhasa.
以往研究表明，缺硒是大骨节病（KBD）病因的一个重要因素。尽管目前中国大部分地区大骨节病已得到控制，但在青藏高原地区仍有发病。本研究旨在以发硒水平作为生物标志物，评估中国西藏拉萨大骨节病流行区学龄儿童的硒营养状况。2013年在拉萨大骨节病病区和非病区采集了155名6 - 15岁学龄儿童的头发样本。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定头发样本中的硒水平。拉萨大骨节病病区儿童头发中硒的平均浓度为0.232μg/g，显著高于几十年前报道的数据。在研究的大骨节病病区，男孩（0.255μg/g）和女孩（0.222μg/g）的发硒水平存在显著差异（P < 0.01，Mann-Whitney U检验），但发硒水平在年龄或地区间无差异。由于西藏实施免费教育政策和营养改善计划，主食中硒含量较高，拉萨大骨节病流行区的学龄儿童硒营养状况可能有所改善。然而，仍有20.3%的学生硒营养状况偏低（发硒<0.20μg/g），这表明拉萨大骨节病流行区的低硒环境也部分影响了学龄儿童的硒营养状况。
