Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Department of Immunology, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Semin Immunol. 2015 Mar;27(2):75-84. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2015.03.009. Epub 2015 Apr 22.
Recognition of bacterial pathogens by the mammalian host relies on the induction of early innate immune responses initiated by the activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) upon sensing of their cognate microbe-associated-patterns (MAMPs). Successful pathogens have evolved to intercept PRR activation and signaling at multiple steps. The molecular dissection of the underlying mechanisms revealed many of the basic mechanisms used by the immune system. Here we provide an overview of the different strategies used by bacterial pathogens and commensals to subvert and reprogram PPR-mediated innate immune responses. A particular attention is given to recent discoveries highlighting novel molecular details of the host inflammatory response in mammalian cells and current advances in our understanding of the interaction of commensals with PRR-mediated responses.
哺乳动物宿主识别细菌病原体依赖于先天免疫反应的早期诱导，该反应由模式识别受体 (PRR) 在感知其同源微生物相关模式 (MAMP) 时的激活引发。成功的病原体已经进化到在多个步骤中拦截 PRR 的激活和信号转导。对潜在机制的分子剖析揭示了免疫系统使用的许多基本机制。在这里，我们概述了细菌病原体和共生菌用来颠覆和重新编程 PRR 介导的先天免疫反应的不同策略。特别关注最近的发现，这些发现强调了哺乳动物细胞中宿主炎症反应的新分子细节，以及我们对共生菌与 PRR 介导的反应相互作用的理解的最新进展。
