Yuan Ting-Ting, Zhang Nai-Dan, He Yong-Jing, Li Mei, Xu Hong-Tao, Zhang Qiao-Yan
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2014 Dec;39(23):4526-31.
Phytoestrogens, which can bind with estrogen receptor and produce estrogen-like effects, are a kind of nonsteroidal compound in plant. Phytoestrogens chemically include isoflavones, coumarins, lignans and other compounds. Phytoestrogens are selective estrogen receptor modulator, and have therapeutical effects on breast cancer, prostate cancer, cardiovascular disease, menopausal symptoms, osteoporosis and other disease, however, do not produce stimulatory hyperplasia effects on uterus, mammary glands and other tissues and organs with positive estrogen receptor. Long-term exposure or excessive use of phytoestrogens maybe affects male reproductive system and hematopoietic function of fetus. Some questions need to be further studied, such as evaluation criteria on biological activity, adverse effects, and action mechanism of phytoestrogen. This review covers plant sources, chemical structure, pharmacological activity and safety of phytoestrogens. It will provide a useful reference for intensive research and rational utilization the phytoestrogens.
植物雌激素是植物中的一类非甾体化合物，可与雌激素受体结合并产生类雌激素效应。植物雌激素在化学上包括异黄酮、香豆素、木脂素等化合物。植物雌激素是选择性雌激素受体调节剂，对乳腺癌、前列腺癌、心血管疾病、更年期症状、骨质疏松症等疾病具有治疗作用，但对雌激素受体阳性的子宫、乳腺等组织器官不会产生刺激性增生效应。长期接触或过量使用植物雌激素可能会影响男性生殖系统和胎儿的造血功能。一些问题还需要进一步研究，如植物雌激素的生物活性评估标准、不良反应及作用机制等。本文综述了植物雌激素的植物来源、化学结构、药理活性及安全性，为深入研究和合理利用植物雌激素提供有益参考。
