Mayer Constantin Ulrich, Treff Gunnar, Fenske Wiebke Kristin, Blouin Katja, Steinacker Jürgen Michael, Allolio Bruno
Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Germany; Department of Orthopedics, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany.
Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Germany.
Am J Med. 2015 Oct;128(10):1144-51. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.04.014. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
To investigate the incidence of hyponatremia and its relationship to plasma copeptin, a surrogate marker for arginine vasopressin (AVP) during 28 days of high-volume rowing training.
Thirty rowers from the German junior national team (21 male) were studied during a training camp. Serum sodium ([Na(+)]), osmolality, and copeptin were measured before the beginning of the camp (day 0), and at days 7, 13, 18, 24, and 28. Daily fluid intake, body weight, urine parameters, and training volume were recorded.
Seventy percent of the rowers developed hyponatremia at least once. At day 18, training volume and incidence of hyponatremia (43%) were highest. [Na(+)] decreased from 143 ± 9 mmol·L(-1) (day 0) to 135 ± 5 mmol·L(-1) (day 18, P < .01). Hyponatremia was correlated significantly with weight gain compared with the previous day (P < .01). Copeptin decreased from day 0 to 28 (male: 6.7 ± 2.8 to 3.6 ± 1.7 pmol·L(-1); P < .05; female: 4.8 ± 1.1 to 3.2 ± 1.5 pmol·L(-1); P < .05), being only partially suppressed. Relative fluid intake per body surface area increased from day 7 (male: 2.79 ± 0.78 L·m(-2); female: 2.20 ± 0.70 L·m(-2)) to day 28 (3.88 ± 0.69 L·m(2) and 2.65 ± 0.93 L·m(-2); P < .05). No athlete developed symptomatic hyponatremia.
Prolonged high-volume rowing training can lead to a high incidence of hyponatremia. Overdrinking and inadequate suppression of AVP contribute to its development.
研究在为期28天的大运动量赛艇训练期间低钠血症的发生率及其与血浆 copeptin（精氨酸加压素（AVP）的替代标志物）的关系。
对来自德国国家青年队的30名赛艇运动员（21名男性）在一次训练营期间进行研究。在训练营开始前（第0天）以及第7、13、18、24和28天测量血清钠（[Na⁺]）、渗透压和copeptin。记录每日液体摄入量、体重、尿液参数和训练量。
70%的赛艇运动员至少发生过一次低钠血症。在第18天，训练量和低钠血症发生率（43%）最高。[Na⁺]从第0天的143±9 mmol·L⁻¹降至第18天的135±5 mmol·L⁻¹（P<.01）。与前一天相比，低钠血症与体重增加显著相关（P<.01）。copeptin从第0天到第28天下降（男性：6.7±2.8至3.6±1.7 pmol·L⁻¹；P<.05；女性：4.8±1.1至3.2±1.5 pmol·L⁻¹；P<.05），仅得到部分抑制。每体表面积的相对液体摄入量从第7天（男性：2.79±0.78 L·m⁻²；女性：2.20±0.70 L·m⁻²）增加到第28天（3.88±0.69 L·m²和2.65±0.93 L·m⁻²；P<.05）。没有运动员发生有症状的低钠血症。
长期大运动量赛艇训练可导致低钠血症的高发生率。饮水过量和AVP抑制不足促成了其发生。
