Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China.
Biosens Bioelectron. 2015 Sep 15;71:230-242. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.04.041. Epub 2015 Apr 14.
Aptamers have been identified against various targets as a type of chemical or nucleic acid ligand by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) with high sensitivity and specificity. Aptamers show remarkable advantages over antibodies due to the nucleic acid nature and target-induced structure-switching properties and are widely used to design various fluorescent, electrochemical, or colorimetric biosensors. However, the practical applications of aptamer-based sensing and diagnostics are still lagging behind those of antibody-based tests. Lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) represents a well established and appropriate technology among rapid assays because of its low cost and user-friendliness. The antibody-based platform is utilized to detect numerous targets, but it is always hampered by the antibody preparation time, antibody stability, and effect of modification on the antibody. Seeking alternatives to antibodies is an area of active research and is of tremendous importance. Aptamers are receiving increasing attention in lateral flow applications because of a number of important potential performance advantages. We speculate that aptamer-based LFIA may be one of the first platforms for commercial use of aptamer-based diagnosis. This review first gives an introduction to aptamer including the selection process SELEX with its focus on aptamer advantages over antibodies, and then depicts LFIA with its focus on aptamer opportunities in LFIA over antibodies. Furthermore, we summarize the recent advances in the development of aptamer-based lateral flow biosensing assays with the aim to provide a general guide for the design of aptamer-based lateral flow biosensing assays.
适体通过指数富集配体系统进化技术（SELEX）被鉴定为针对各种靶标具有高灵敏度和特异性的一类化学或核酸配体。由于核酸性质和靶标诱导的结构转换特性，适体相对于抗体具有显著优势，并且广泛用于设计各种荧光、电化学或比色生物传感器。然而，基于适体的传感和诊断的实际应用仍然落后于基于抗体的测试。侧向流动免疫分析（LFIA）是一种已建立且合适的快速检测技术，因为它具有低成本和用户友好的特点。该基于抗体的平台被用于检测许多靶标，但它总是受到抗体制备时间、抗体稳定性和修饰对抗体的影响的限制。寻找替代抗体是一个活跃的研究领域，具有重要意义。适体在侧向流动应用中越来越受到关注，因为其具有许多重要的潜在性能优势。我们推测，基于适体的 LFIA 可能是第一个商业化使用基于适体的诊断的平台之一。本文首先介绍了适体，包括其重点是适体相对于抗体的优势的 SELEX 选择过程，然后描述了 LFIA，重点是适体在 LFIA 中的优势相对于抗体。此外，我们总结了基于适体的侧向流动生物传感检测的最新进展，旨在为基于适体的侧向流动生物传感检测的设计提供一般指南。
