Zerbeto Amanda B, Cortelo Fernando M, C Filho Élio B
Centro de Investigação em Pediatria (CIPED), Post-Graduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Centro de Investigação em Pediatria (CIPED), Post-Graduate Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2015 Jul-Aug;91(4):326-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2014.11.003. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
To review the literature that addresses the relationship between prematurity, birth weight, and development of language in Brazilian children.
A systematic review of studies published between 2003 and 2012 in English and Portuguese and indexed in PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO. The following key words were used in the searches: Prematuro, Prematuridade, Linguagem, Prematurity, Language, Speech-Language Pathology. Fifty-seven articles were retrieved, 13 of which were included in the systematic review.
The results showed an association between prematurity, low birth weight, and language development. In studies that made comparisons between preterm and term infants, there was evidence that preterm infants had poorer performance on indicators of language. It was also observed that children born with lower birth weight had a poorer performance on measures of language when compared to children with higher weight and closer to 37 weeks of gestational age. Regarding the type of language assessed, expression proved to be more impaired than reception. Higher parental education and family income were indicated as protective factors for the development of language. Conversely, lower birth weight and higher degree of prematurity emerged as risk factors.
Preterm birth and low birth weight poses risks for the language development of children, especially in the first years of life. Therefore, it is essential that pediatricians are aware of the language development of these children to ensure proper treatment.
综述探讨巴西儿童早产、出生体重与语言发育之间关系的文献。
对2003年至2012年间发表的、以英文和葡萄牙文撰写并被收录于PubMed、LILACS和SciELO数据库的研究进行系统评价。检索中使用了以下关键词：早产、早产、语言、早产、语言、言语语言病理学。共检索到57篇文章，其中13篇纳入系统评价。
结果显示早产、低出生体重与语言发育之间存在关联。在比较早产和足月婴儿的研究中，有证据表明早产婴儿在语言指标上表现较差。还观察到，与体重较高且接近孕37周的儿童相比，出生体重较低的儿童在语言测试中的表现较差。关于所评估的语言类型，表达能力比接受能力受损更严重。较高的父母教育水平和家庭收入被认为是语言发育的保护因素。相反，较低的出生体重和较高的早产程度则成为风险因素。
早产和低出生体重对儿童的语言发育构成风险，尤其是在生命的最初几年。因此，儿科医生必须了解这些儿童的语言发育情况，以确保进行适当的治疗。
