Chabert Adrien, Hamzeh-Cognasse Hind, Pozzetto Bruno, Cognasse Fabrice, Schattner Mirta, Gomez Ricardo M, Garraud Olivier
EA3064-GIMAP, Université de Lyon, 42023, Saint-Etienne, France.
Service des Agents infectieux et d'Hygiène, CHU de Saint-Etienne, 42055, Saint-Etienne, France.
BMC Immunol. 2015 Apr 28;16:26. doi: 10.1186/s12865-015-0092-1.
Blood platelets are first aimed at ensuring primary hemostasis. Beyond this role, they have been acknowledged as having functions in the maintenance of the vascular arborescence and, more recently, as being also innate immune cells, devoted notably to the detection of danger signals, of which infectious ones. Platelets express pathogen recognition receptors that can sense bacterial and viral moieties. Besides, several molecules that bind epithelial or sub-endothelial molecules and, so forth, are involved in hemostasis, happen to be able to ligate viral determinants, making platelets capable of either binding viruses or even to be infected by some of them. Further, as platelets express both Fc-receptors for Ig and complement receptors, they also bind occasionally virus-Ig or virus-Ig-complement immune complexes. Interplays of viruses with platelets are very complex and viral infections often interfere with platelet number and functions. Through a few instances of viral infections, the present review aims at presenting some of the most important interactions from pathophysiological and clinical points of view, which are observed between human viruses and platelets.
血小板首先致力于确保初级止血。除了这一作用外，它们还被认为在维持血管树状结构方面发挥作用，并且最近还被认为是先天性免疫细胞，尤其致力于检测危险信号，其中包括感染性危险信号。血小板表达能够感知细菌和病毒部分的病原体识别受体。此外，一些与上皮或内皮下分子等结合的分子参与止血，碰巧能够连接病毒决定簇，使血小板能够结合病毒，甚至被其中一些病毒感染。此外，由于血小板同时表达Ig的Fc受体和补体受体，它们偶尔也会结合病毒-Ig或病毒-Ig-补体免疫复合物。病毒与血小板的相互作用非常复杂，病毒感染常常干扰血小板数量和功能。通过一些病毒感染实例，本综述旨在从病理生理和临床角度介绍人类病毒与血小板之间观察到的一些最重要的相互作用。
