Wardell Jeffrey D, Quilty Lena C, Hendershot Christian S, Bagby R Michael
Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2015 Dec;29(4):1022-30. doi: 10.1037/adb0000066. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
Motives for gambling have been shown to have an important role in gambling behavior, consistent with the literature on motives for substance use. While studies have demonstrated that traits related to sensitivity to reward (SR) and sensitivity to punishment (SP) are predictive of substance use motives, little research has examined the role of these traits in gambling motives. This study investigated motivational pathways from SR and SP to gambling frequency and gambling problems via specific gambling motives, while also taking into account history of substance use disorder (SUD). A community sample of gamblers (N = 248) completed self-report questionnaires assessing SR, SP, gambling frequency, gambling-related problems, and motives for gambling (social, negative affect, and enhancement/winning motives). Lifetime SUD was also assessed with a structured clinical interview. The results of a path analysis showed that SR was uniquely associated with all 3 types of gambling motives, whereas SP and SUD were associated with negative affect and enhancement/winning motives but not social motives. Also, both negative affect and enhancement/winning motives were associated with gambling problems, but only enhancement/winning motives were significantly related to gambling frequency. Analyses of indirect associations revealed significant indirect associations from SR, SP, and SUD to gambling frequency mediated through enhancement/winning motives and to gambling problems mediated through both negative affect and enhancement/winning motives. The findings highlight the importance of SR and SP as independent predictors of gambling motives and suggest that specific motivational pathways underlie their associations with gambling outcomes.
与关于物质使用动机的文献一致，赌博动机已被证明在赌博行为中起着重要作用。虽然研究表明，与奖励敏感性（SR）和惩罚敏感性（SP）相关的特质可预测物质使用动机，但很少有研究探讨这些特质在赌博动机中的作用。本研究调查了从SR和SP通过特定赌博动机到赌博频率和赌博问题的动机路径，同时也考虑了物质使用障碍（SUD）史。一个由赌徒组成的社区样本（N = 248）完成了自我报告问卷，评估SR、SP、赌博频率、与赌博相关的问题以及赌博动机（社交、负面影响和增强/获胜动机）。还通过结构化临床访谈评估了终生SUD。路径分析结果表明，SR与所有三种类型的赌博动机都有独特的关联，而SP和SUD与负面影响和增强/获胜动机相关，但与社交动机无关。此外，负面影响和增强/获胜动机均与赌博问题相关，但只有增强/获胜动机与赌博频率显著相关。间接关联分析显示，SR、SP和SUD通过增强/获胜动机介导与赌博频率存在显著间接关联，通过负面影响和增强/获胜动机介导与赌博问题存在显著间接关联。研究结果突出了SR和SP作为赌博动机独立预测因素的重要性，并表明特定的动机路径是它们与赌博结果关联的基础。
