Failure to demonstrate significant antisperm antibodies in peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis.

Endometriosis, even in mild cases, decreases monthly fecundity. Immunologic disorders have been suggested as the mechanism. In light of possible increases in serum autoimmune antibodies, increased peritoneal macrophages, and increased sperm phagocytosis associated with this disease, we postulated that peritoneal fluid antisperm antibodies would be increased and might be the cause of increased sperm phagocytosis and its associated infertility. Peritoneal fluid, from 18 patients with endometriosis and 10 infertile controls, was tested with the antisperm antibody immunobead test validated for peritoneal fluid. One of 18 patients with endometriosis and none of 10 controls had antisperm antibodies present. Therefore, increased sperm phagocytosis is unlikely a result of peritoneal antisperm antibodies in endometriosis patients.