Hui Sandra, How Choon How, Tee Augustine
SingHealth Internal Medicine Resident, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore 529889.
Singapore Med J. 2015 Apr;56(4):194-6; quiz 197. doi: 10.11622/smedj.2015058.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition commonly encountered by primary care practitioners. The disease should be detected in its early stages to prevent disease progression and to reduce the burden of symptoms. Early treatment also results in improved mortality and reduced morbidity. COPD should be differentiated from other similar conditions such as asthma, as the basis of treatment differs in these conditions, and misdiagnosis can lead to poorer patient outcomes. Non-pharmacological treatment such as smoking cessation and vaccinations are important in the management of COPD, while pharmacotherapy such as bronchodilators and antimuscarinics are the mainstay of therapy in COPD. Referral to a specialist is recommended when there is progression of the disease or uncertainty regarding the diagnosis.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是基层医疗从业者常遇到的一种病症。应在疾病早期进行检测，以防止疾病进展并减轻症状负担。早期治疗还能改善死亡率并降低发病率。COPD应与哮喘等其他类似病症相鉴别，因为这些病症的治疗基础不同，误诊会导致患者预后更差。诸如戒烟和接种疫苗等非药物治疗在COPD的管理中很重要，而诸如支气管扩张剂和抗毒蕈碱药物等药物治疗是COPD治疗的主要手段。当疾病进展或诊断存在不确定性时，建议转诊至专科医生处。
